چکیده:
This paper analyses the impact of sanctions against Iran in addition to other country-specific determinants on intra-industry trade between Iran and Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) countries over the period 1997-2013. By disentangling total intra-industry trade (IIT) into horizontal and vertical IIT and after investigating bilateral trade pattern between Iran and SCO countries، determinants of IIT، horizontal IIT and vertical IIT are assessed using fixed effect panel data. Using panel data model، two main findings are released. First، trade barriers indicators and difference in factor endowments are crucial in determining of IIT indicators. Second، sanction index does not have significant impact on IIT measures.
خلاصه ماشینی:
By disentangling total intra-industry trade (IIT) into horizontal and vertical IIT and after investigating bilateral trade pattern between Iran and SCO countries, determinants of IIT, horizontal IIT and vertical IIT are assessed using fixed effect panel data.
Although, the influence of trade barrier on intra-industry trade (IIT), vertical IIT (VIIT) and horizontal IIT (HIIT) is paid attention by researchers (Falvey 1981, Balassa 1986, Brulhart 2009), no study is done to examine the significance of sanctions as a special trade barrier on IIT measures.
The next Section contains the general trade between Iran and SCO countries; Section 3 describes different hypotheses on determinants of IIT measures according to the literature as well as hypothesis on the impact of sanctions on IIT measures; Section 4 explains computing IIT, HIIT, VIIT and the specification of the regression model used to identify the determinants; Section 5 presents the IIT measures pattern between Iran and SCO countries along with empirical results and Section 6 concludes the paper.
The methodology of Kandogan (2003) is summarized as follows: TT = + (1) IIT = − | − | (2) HIIT = ∑( + − | − |) (3) VIIT = IIT − HIIT (4) Since this approach calculates IIT, HIIT and VIIT in levels and not the corresponding shares in total trade, we employ normalized aggregated indices of the different measures as follows (Thorpe & Leitao 2013): (رجوع شود به تصویر صفحه) Finally to get aggregate indexes for each year, we multiply computed , and VIIT for each industry to their trade value share as follows: (رجوع شود به تصویر صفحه) 4.