چکیده:
Plato in Theory of Philosopher-King believes that all of the members of ideal city-state, whether ruler or citizens, will attain happiness if the philosopher is the ruler. But there are paradoxes in the theory and the bases of the happiness are unstable too. In other words, Plato in his theory presents hierarchical dualities (Intelligible/Visible world, Episteme/
Doxa,True/ Untrue Or Shadow, …) but is not bound to their necessities and tries to justify the (philosophical)theory by myth and allegory. Hence, happiness as an important and basic part of the theory has some problems and basically is not attainable
خلاصه ماشینی:
Happiness in Plato’s Theory of Philosopher- King Narges Tajik* Researcher in Political Philosophy Received: 17 Dec 2010 ; Accepted: 25 May 2011 Plato in Theory of Philosopher-King believes that all of the members of ideal city-state, whether ruler or citizens, will attain happiness if the philosopher is the ruler.
In other words, Plato in his theory presents hierarchical dualities (Intelligible/Visible world, Epis- teme/ Doxa,True/ Untrue Or Shadow, …) but is not bound to their necessities and tries to justify the (philosophical)theory by myth and allegory.
"(473c-d) In other words, Plato, after putting forward this question that who should rule, directs his argument from the education to subject of knowledge(episteme) and through his own bi- basical ontology/epistemology, he tries to explain human’s happiness; The subject will be ap- proached critically and pathologically in this ar- ticle.
(533e) Happiness of Philosopher-King and Citizens: For Plato it is necessary that educational steps in the visible world (city) be passed and the intel- ligible world be perceived by the golden nature as a condition of happiness; but it must be added that he mentions something above it, that is, returning to the cave or in one sense, the city.
Although, here, there is a question that if Plato believed to return to ruling as a condi- tion for the happiness of philosopher, why would he present to see the Idea of the good as the highest things; but above all, there is another basic ques- tion: How can philosopher, the man who belongs to the visible and becoming realm, perceive the intelligible world as a condition of happiness?