چکیده:
Objectives: The aim of this research is designing a computerized program, in game format, for working memory training in mild intellectual disabled children.
Methods: 24 students participated as test and control groups. The auditory and visual-spatial WM were assessed by primary test, which included computerized Wechsler numerical forward and backward sub- tests, and secondary tests, which contained three parts: dual visual-spatial test, auditory test, and a one-syllable word recalling test.
Results: The results showed significant differnces between working memory capacity in the intellectually disabled children and normal ones (P-value<0.00001). After using the computerized working memory training, Visual-spatial WM, auditory WM, and speaking were improved in the trained group. The mentioned four tests showed significant differences between pre-test and post-test. The trained group showed more improvements in forward tasks. The trained participant’s processing speed increased with training.
Discussion: According to the results, comprehensive human-computer interfaces and the aplication of computer in children training, especially in traing of intellectual disabled children with impairements in visual and auditory perceptions, could be more effective and vaulable.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Results: The results showed significant differnces between working memory capacity in the intellectually disabled children and normal ones (p-value <0.
Discussion: According to the results, comprehensive human-computer interfaces and the aplication of computer in children training, especially in traing of intellectual disabled children with impairements in visual and auditory perceptions, could be more effective and vaulable.
Key words: Working memory training, Computer based rehabilitation, Mild intellectual disability, Designed computerized program Submitted: 19 September 2015 Accepted: 10 November 2015 Introduction Working memory (WM) is the limited capacity storage system which maintains and manipulates the information over the short periods of time (1).
Mezzacappa (5) showed that WM training may have significant effect on motor activity in children with ADHD and also could be applied in clinical use to improve the symptoms of ADHD.
One research about the role of WM in intellectual disability shows that general working memory is closely related to intelligence in these children (11).
Results The primary results showed significant differnce between working memory capacity in the intellectually disabled children and normal ones (p- value <0.
Pre-test and post-test results of visual- spatial and auditory dual task assessments for four trainees B As it could be understood from the results, during the working memory training, both in visual-spatial and auditory WM, speaking had significant improvement in the trained group compared to the control group (Table 1).
showed that WM training in Down syndrome children can improve auditory working memory (13).
Conclusion In this study a computerized program was designed for working memory training in mild intellectual disabled children.