چکیده:
This is the first study to attempt to explain income inequality using
unemployment and inflation and international cross-sectional data. Using a SURE
system, inflation is found to have an increasing impact on the shares of the
lower 80% of the income distribution, while reducing the share of the highest
20%. Unemployment has a negative effect on the share of the first 40%, while
increases the share of the highest 60%. When unemployment and inflation are
controlled for, the level of inequality is significantly lower in developed
countries.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"1- Introduction The object of this paper is to investigate the effects of macroeconomic factors, inflation and unemployment, on the personal income distribution for both developed and developing countries using cross-sectional data.
Of the impact of macro-economic conditions on economic inequality using regression techniques, time series analysis was adopted by Blinder & Esaki (1978), Nolan (1987), Blejer & Guerrero (1990), Bjorklund (1991), Silber & Zilberfarb (1994), Jantti (1994), and Mocan (1999).
Thus, the object here is to analyse the unemployment and inflation effects on income (or expenditure) distribution using cross-sectional data recently made available by the World Bank (1999).
2- The Model Using time-series data, Blinder and Esaki (1978), Nolan (1987) and Bjorklund (1991) applied the model , (1) Wherewas considered to be the share of the ith quintile in the income distribution in year t, the unemployment rate, the rate of inflation and a linear time trend.
Using cross-sectional data, in order to estimate the effects of changes in unemployment and inflation on the income distribution, in this paper the following model is used; (3) where is the share of the th quintile (i=1,2,…,5) in total income (expenditure) within country is the unemployment rate; and is the rate of inflation (as measured by the GDP deflator).
The results indicated that the factors GIDU, GIDI, GDDU and GDDI are not statistically significant, that is, there is not significantly difference between unemployment effects on inequality, measured in terms of income or expenditure in developed or developing countries."