چکیده:
This research has aimed to examine the feedback effects between economic growth and environmental degradation through health that is one of human capital elements and also the consequences of such these relationships on economic convergence process during the period 1990-2013 for 60 developing countries in framework of simultaneous equations model by using unbalanced panel data analysis. This requires analyzing the interrelationships between economic growth, health, and environmental degradation. The results show the positive direct feedback effects between economic growth and health status, also positive indirect and reverse direct feedback effects between economic growth and environmental degradation. Although economic growth increases environmental degradation, sustaining the convergence process of developing countries and reaching the environmental Kuznets curve to turning point of CO2 emission represent stronger indirect feedback effects between economic growth and environmental degradation than direct feedback effects.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Sustainable Development Zahra Fotourehchi*1 Received: 2016, October 17 Accepted: 2016, December 13 Abstract This research has aimed to examine the feedback effects betweeneconomic growth and environmental degradation through health that is one of human capital elements and also the consequences of such these relationships on economic convergence process during the period 1990-2013 for 60 developing countries in framework of simultaneous equations model by using unbalanced panel data analysis.
One important critique for the existing empirical EKC studies is that although in the first stage of economic development, increasing income declines environment quality, there is no feedback effect from environmental degradation to economic growth and income rises continuously.
The main goal of this research is the analysis of the feedback effects between economic growth and environmental degradation through health that is one of human capital elements and the consequences of considered relationships on economic convergence process during the period 1990-2013 for 60 developing countries.
(1) In this simultaneous regression model, environmental degradation (e) is a function of economic growth (y1) and other determinant factors of environmental deterioration (z) like as educational level (s), urbanization (u), population density (p) and globalization (g).
Furthermore, negative signs of coefficients of school enrollment, secondary and tertiary (% gross) show that higher levels of education by increasing information and knowledge about environmental degradation of pollutants lead to increasing social environmental pressure and improving environment condition.