چکیده:
زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﮐﺎرﮐﺮد ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ دارای ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ﻣﺒﺘﻼﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻼل ﻧﺎﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﯽ و اﺿـﻄﺮاب ﺟﺪاﯾﯽ ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳـﺖ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺧﻄﺮ ﻗﺮار ﺑﮕﯿﺮد ازاﯾﻦرو ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـــﺮ، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ آﻣﻮزش ﺳـــﺒﮏﻫﺎی واﻟﺪﮔﺮی ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎدران ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺟﺪاﯾﯽ و ﻧﺎﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﭘﯿﺶدﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﺑﻮد.
روش: ﻃﺮح اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺷــﺒﻪﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن- ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮی ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﺎدران ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﭘﯿﺶدﺑﺴــﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺷــﻬﺮ اﺻــﻘﻬﺎن در ﺳــﺎل 95-1394 ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ 40 ﻧﻔﺮ از آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر در دﺳــﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ و در دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ (ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮوه 20 ﻧﻔﺮ) ﺟﺎﯾﺪﻫﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻣﺮﺿﯽ ﮐﻮدک )اﺳﭙﺮاﻓﮑﯿﻦ و ﮔﺎدو، 1994( ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮای ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺸـــﯽ، آﻣﻮزش ﺳـــﺒﮏﻫﺎی واﻟﺪﮔﺮی ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ در 9 ﺟﻠﺴـــﻪ 90 دﻗﯿﻘﻪای ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﺷـــﺪ درﺣﺎﻟﯽﮐﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه ﻫﯿﭻﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪای را درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﮑﺮدﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎی ﺑﻪدﺳﺖآﻣﺪه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮی ﻣﮑﺮر ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد آﻣﻮزش ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎی واﻟﺪﮔﺮی ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎدران ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺟﺪاﯾﯽ و ﻧﺎﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ (0/01 > p).
ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی: ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎ ﺿﺮ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ازآﻧﺠﺎﮐﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪهای از ﻧﺎﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪای و ا ﺿﻄﺮاب ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺒﮏ واﻟﺪﮔﺮی ﻣﺎدران ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ آﻣﻮزش ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎی واﻟﺪﮔﺮی، ﻣﺎدران ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ روش ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺘﯽ ﺧﻮد را ارﺗﻘﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺪ.
Background and Purpose: The warm and emotional relationship between parents with children and the management of tension in the family can play an important role in children's reconciliation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between father’s humor and coping styles with adaptation of students.
Method: The present study was a descriptive-correlational study. Statistical population of this study consisted of all elementary students have been studying in Galikesh city in the academic year of 2016 -2017. The sample consisted of 250 students (122 boys and 128 girls) selected by sampling method. The participants responded to coping inventory for stressful situation (Endler & Parker، 1990)، social adjustment scale (Paykel and Weissman، 1999) and sense of humor scale (Martin & Lecfort، 1983). The data were analyzed by correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.
Results: The results showed that there is a significant positive correlation between fathers humor with students' adjustment. Also، there is a positive correlation between problem-oriented coping style with adaptation of children، and avoidant and emotional coping styles with adaptation have a significant negative relationship (P ≤ 0/05). There is also a significant positive correlation between problem-oriented coping style with humor، and a significant negative correlation between humor with avoidant coping styles.
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study، it can be concluded that increasing the level of humor and problem-solving styles in fathers leads to improvement of children's.