چکیده:
The purpose of this study is to explore the dimensions and attributes of productive and agricultural landscape in the Persian gardens. The methodology of conducting this study is descriptive-analytical. The data is gathered through library research and interviews, as well as field studies in the six Persian Gardens (Akbariyeh, Rahim Abad, Amir Abad, Bahlgerd, Pahlavanpur, and Shahzadeh). The results, which show the need to provide recreational services for owners, guests and in some cases people, has led to the significant presence of fruitful greenery, even in the
governmental gardens. There are various fruit trees in the gardens of Shahzadeh, Amirabad and Pahlavanpur which demonstrate the importance of targeted food products for human consumption as well as animals in the system of designing the traditional green spaces. Promotion the quality of the beauty of inner green scenery of the gardens is other characteristics of agricultural landscape, specifically in Birjand’s gardens which the visual landscape system has been created by composition of fruitful and ornamental species. Additionally, attitudes into increasing the efficiency, profitability and self-sufficiency of landscape have been ordered the planting of multipurpose plant species
in the Iranian garden design. There are varieties of vegetables and herbs in the garden of Shahzadeh, and fragrant flowers, saffron, plum, pomegranate and fig trees representing in Birjand’s garden proving the medicinal properties of productive scenery in addition to their appropriateness to the climate and scarce resources. Throughout history the structural importance of the edible landscape in Persian garden is due to the knowledgeable use of green spaces
and landscaping. The combination of ornamental horticulture and fruit farming results in a multi-functional garden. Therefore, the agricultural landscape can be introduced as an indicator to assess the quality of garden management, an efficient tool for assessing the status of agricultural knowledge, gardens health assessment, as well as evaluating the lifestyle and the natural- cultural continuity of a garden to its context which should be considered more by the researchers.
خلاصه ماشینی:
3. The Scientific Journal of NAZAR research center (Nrc) for Art, Architecture & Urbanism The productive landscape in Persian Gardens...
Fruit trees in the plots as the edible greenery occupy a large proportion of the The Scientific Journal of NAZAR research center (Nrc) for Art, Architecture & Urbanism 5 garden and in combination with ornamental trees (the main axis of the garden), forms the plant structure of the garden.
Characteristics and features of productive landscape in Persian Garden The landscape of outdoor recreation As one of the capacities of today’s farms, orchards, and agricultural landscapes is the possibility of integrating them into the other applications (Han & Pieschel, 2009), and their outdoor recreational services for property owners, neighbors and public include fruit and seed collecting, hunting, wildlife viewing, hiking and meditation in nature (Barbieri and Valdivia, 2010), it can be guessed that the agricultural greenery was not considered as the single land use in the Persian gardens.
In the Persian gardens, the productive plants in addition to their main function (Fruit, wood or shadow) have The Scientific Journal of NAZAR research center (Nrc) for Art, Architecture & Urbanism 9 Table 1.
). Therefore, some fruit trees like figs have The Scientific Journal of NAZAR research center (Nrc) for Art, Architecture & Urbanism 11 been planted in Bijand’s garden for medicinal use of their latex (Safai, 2014).
14 The Scientific Journal of NAZAR research center (Nrc) for Art, Architecture & Urbanism Therefore, the protection of the edible landscapes in Persian gardens needs the systematic re-look to recreate the garden and its cultural-environmental contexts.