چکیده:
During the last decade, researchers embarked on several archaeological surveys and
excavations in Luristan and they could unearth 29 Neolithic sites there. The current
paper, taking into accounts the Geographic Information System (GIS) and Settlement
Analysis, tries to analyze the role of environment on the aforementioned Neolithic sites.
The study indicates that Neolithic communities chose foraging as the most important
way of their livelihood. Water and food resources, wild plants, and animals were found
impressive in the site-catchment process. All of the 29 Neolithic settlements are located
at the altitudes between 500 and 2000 meters above sea level. These altitudes cover the
southern, central, and northern parts of Luristan, the region that enjoys semi-arid
climates, cool winters and hot summers, where pastoral livestock has been common.
There are many rivers at these heights, but locals often disposed of using springs water.
The distance from 26 sites to the springs is about 300 meters.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"The Neolithic settlements discovered in archaeological studies of Luristan, using the GIS method, in this article, are located on separate maps containing variables such as roads, water resources, plant and animal coverage, height from sea level, climate, earth slope, and the distance of settlements from each other.
If the nomad routes are considered effective in settling the Neolithic sites, those communities were likely to be shepherds that selected the pastoralism livelihood to maximize the use of natural and food resources and enjoy favorable weather conditions in Luristan mountains during spring and summer, and Khuzestan plains in autumn and winter seasons.
(رجوع شود به تصویر صفحه) Map 2 Locations of the Neolithic Settlements at the Vicinity of Nomadic Roads Discovering a large number of goat and sheep bones from the Neolithic sites of Central Zagros and Southwest of Iran including Ganj Dareh (Smith, 1976; Hesse, 1978), Asiab (Bökönyi, 1977), Abdolhosein (Pullar, 1990), Guran (Mortensen, 1963, 1972), Sarab (Braidwood, 1960), Chogha Sefid (Hole, 1977), Alikosh (Hole et al.
C. The distribution pattern of the Neolithic sites from the northern areas to the central and southern parts of Luristan and in the vicinity of the routes leading to southwestern lowlands of Iran indicates that these settlements belong to the unit communities that had turned into nomadic livelihood strategy based on bio- necessities, air temperature difference, and more exploitation of the nature."