چکیده:
Sustainable transportation with the aim of urban sustainable development aims to improve the environmental quality and the socio-economic condition. One of the most important strategies for achieving sustainable transportation is planning and designing for walking, or in other words increasing urban walkability. Therefore, increased walkability has become a key issue in urban planning. Understanding influential measures on urban and neighbourhood walkability for residents have become very important. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify the factors affecting walkability in order to improve neighbourhoods’ sustainability from the residents’ point of view. The results of increased walkability are investigated through various social, economic and environmental aspects. This article is based on a subjective approach to define the effective measures on walkability in the case study of Chizar neighbourhood in Tehran. Therefore, the article is an applied analytical one based on quantitative analysis. Based on a survey technique, 200 sample questionnaires were collected. The data then was used to conduct correlation and regression analyses. The results show that the most important factors affecting the residents’ perception of walkability include access to daily and weekly needs, sense of security and safety, environmental aesthetics, permeability and traffic characteristics.
خلاصه ماشینی:
This article is based on a subjective approach to define the effective measures on walkability in the case study of Chizar neighbourhood in Tehran.
The principles of urban planning and design in different patterns of neighbourhood development Development Pattern Principles TOD Improving in movement, walkability, different life surroundings, neighbourhood regeneration (opcit : 73- 75; CUTA, 1986; Nieweer, 2004؛American, Fa ulkener) Smart Growth Mixed land uses, constructing concept and small community, create a range of housing opportunities and choices, create a walkable neighbourhood, foster distinctive, attractive communities with a strong sense of place, conserving the environmental dimension provide a variety of transportation choices, reinforcing neighbourhood community through development taking decision and predictable (Mineta Transportation Institute, 2001) (http://www.
Considerations and qualities that are gained through the New Urbanism approach, (Kets, 1994) Factors Considerations Network Proper joining in network, ease of movement, many path ways, narrow street, safety of pedestrian movement, considering human scale Architecture Considering history and tradition, vernacular characteristics, identity, monument, originality of construction Land use Every neighbourhood should consider different types of households and land uses, access to services and retail, access to services is not depended on the car Design Emphasis on the enclosure of path, conserving the scale between the height and the width of path, access for movement of pedestrian and cycle, located parking far from public view and outside the city fabric Economic consideration The low costs for creating and conservation infrastructure because of the density Many of the New Urbanism principles are taken from old cities.