چکیده:
In this inquiry, we try to find a way to deal with moral problems and
dilemmas in the realm of technology. We use a procedure that has been
introduced in recent years in applied ethics, which is that of design
analogy. According to this procedure, we can draw on insights and
structures that are used in design processes to solve moral problems.
Moreover, for the sake of moral evaluation in this structure, we need an
ethical theory. Our proposed ethical theories are Kantian rule
consequentialism and triple theory ,which is a combination of Kantian
and Scanlonian contractualism and rule consequentialism. It seems that
these formulas do not have the weaknesses of other moral theories, and
because they offer a compromise between three moral theories, they can
reduce moral disagreement among stakeholders and even decrease the
complexity of moral problems. At the end of this paper, with the help of
a case study, we will show how we can use this framework in actual
instances. We will see that this systematic approach can help us state our
problem clearly and comprehensively, and that its steps reduce the
complexity of our moral problem. Finally, we will be able to evaluate the
case with two efficient moral theories without neglecting any important
relevant elements. This will lead us to take the right decision, prohibiting
or decreasing disastrous impacts of our actions.
خلاصه ماشینی:
A Possible Structure for Moral Problem-Solving in Engineering Ethics Shervin Mirzaei Ghazi Mostafa Taghavi Abstract In this inquiry, we try to find a way to deal with moral problems and dilemmas in the realm of technology.
Keywords: Codes of Conduct, Design Analogy, Ill-Structured Moral Problems, Kantian Rule Consequentialism, Triple Theo.
We will show that, aside from its benefits, a code of conduct is not a complete tool for solving ethical problems, but design analogy can be more successful in dealing with them.
This will give rise to a number of complexities in dealing with moral problems and poses questions such as to what extent engineers should look for different functions of the technology they are about to develop, or to what extent they can be held responsible for the vicious usages of their products (Van de Poel & Royakkers 2011).
When we try to design a new technology with regard to an ethical cycle, we are forced to notice different values and moral considerations.
In the next step, Parfit argues that his formula can combine three different and very important moral frameworks: Kantian contractualism, Scanlonian contractualism ,and rule consequentialism.
In this inquiry, we consider two possible ways of dealing with these features of ethical problems in the realm of technology, namely codes of conduct and design analogy.
We saw that besides the benefits, codes of conduct cannot be a complete solution for our ethical problems while, on the contrary, a design analogy may be very helpful for philosophers and engineers in solving these challenges.