چکیده:
The present study explored the linguistic taboos in the Iranian cinema. Twenty Iranian movies in a period of twenty years—1998 to 2018—comprised the main corpus of this study. The descriptive method was used in this sociolinguistic study to describe the conditions in the Iranian movies. To answer the research questions and analyze the data obtained on the types of taboo words, the framework provided by Andersson and Trudgill (1990) was first modified slightly and then applied to this research. All the three types of categories presented by Andersson and Trudgill, i.e., sex and bodily functions, sanctity, and animals with the absence of sex type were used in this research. Besides, the traces of five other types of death, morality, physical/mental problems, relatives, and unpleasant concepts were also found in the Iranian cinema. Moreover, in order to study the functions of the taboo words, a revised classification developed by Wardhaugh (2006) was utilized. Based on thei findings, among the components of Wardhaugh’s classification, attention and provocation were observed in the Iranian cinema as well. A total number of 1262 taboos were detected in the data collected for this research. According to the findings, unpleasant concepts with the frequency of 49.45% proved to be the most commonly uttered type of taboo terms. Regarding the function of taboos, providing catharsis, with a frequency of 48.73%, was placed in the first rank. The findings lent us a helping hand in better understanding the spoken aspects in the informal usage of Persian; they also revealed the explicit and implicit reflections of emotions indialogical contexts.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The present study aimed at analyzing taboo types and functions in the Iranian movies which are representations of human’s life in society and mirror informal situations.
Thus, as an effort to fill the gap, this research aimed to study the verbal taboos practiced in twenty Iranian movies in a period of twenty years —1376 to 1396— to identify the types and functions of taboo words uttered by the characters.
Studying the causes of taboo usage, Liedlich (1973) has come up with several reasons some of which are listed in the following: attracting attention through applying a strong language that can evoke the addressees’ instant response, creating strong interpersonal identification through saying words that others prefer not to utter to make clear what the real identity of the speaker is, discrediting the addressee through destroying the public image of the him who lacks the speaker’s support and respect, catching catharsis by releasing inner flame, and finally provoking a violent confrontation through words aimed to inflame the hearer as well as feeding his fire.
(Separation; 57:41) Anmls BdFnc Dth Mrlty Ph/M Prblm Rltvs Snctty UnCncpt √ Afct Atn Bltlmnt Cthr Emphs Fr Prvcn √ Anmls: Animals; BdFnc: Bodily Functions; Dth: Death; Mrlty: Morality; Ph/M Prblm: Physical/Mental Problems; Rltvs: Relatives; Snctty: Sanctity; UnCncpts: Unpleasant Concepts Fucctions Categories: Afct: Affection; Atn: Attention; Bltlmnt: Belittlement; Cthr: Catharsis; Emphs: Emphasis; Fr: Fear; Prvcn: Provocation The analysis of the data was based on the classifications on data sheets.