چکیده:
در پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از نقاط لغزشی برداشت شده از حوضه آبخیز، اقدام به شناسایی پهنههای لغزش در منطقه گردید. عواملی مثل ارتفاع، شیب، جهت شیب، زمینشناسی، کاربری اراضی، فاصله از گسل، فاصله از جاده، فاصله از رودخانه، فاصله از مراکز مسکونی و مقدار بارش به عنوان متغیرهای تأثیرگذار در وقوع لغزشهای در منطقه بررسی شدند. جهت تهیه لایهها و طبقهبندی هر یک از آنها برای هر متغیر، از روش تلفیق لایه زمینلغزش و متغیر مورد نظر استفاده شد و در واقع همان روش تعیین عضویت فازی با استفاده از مدل نسبت فراوانی است. پس از محاسبه نسبت فراوانی و عضویت فازی طبقات، اپراتورهای مجموعه فازی، شامل جمع، ضرب و گاماهای 7/0، 8/0 و 9/0، به عنوان روشهای همپوشانی متغیرهای ردهبندی شده با مقادیر عضویت فازی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند تا نقشههای پهنهبندی خطر زمینلغزش در منطقه مورد مطالعه تهیه شوند. به منظور انتخاب روش بهینه از میان اپراتورهای همپوشانی فازی، از دو روش مجموع کیفیت و دقت روش استفاده شد تا مشخص شود که کدام اپراتور یا روش فازی دقت بهتری برای پهنهبندی خطر زمینلغزش در حوضه آبخیز کمه دارد. مقدار شاخص مجموع کیفیت (Qs) که مقایسه و ارزیابی روشها را در قیاس با یکدیگر نشان میدهد، حاکی از آن است که اپراتور فازی گامای 8/0 با 44/6، بالاترین مقدار Qs را در میان سایر اپراتورهای فازی دارد.
aaIntroduction Iran has natural potential for creating a wide range of landslides; Because of different climatic zones, Topography, tectonic activity and seismicity, geology and natural condition. The basin of Komeh is located in southern Isfahan province. This research studies the factors affecting the occurrence of landslides and makes draw a hazard zonation map to identify sensitive areas with potential hazards.in order to, an appropriate solution could be used to the crisis and the risk of landslides to reduce damage and improve the environmental situation. Now a day Landslide and mass movements have been studied in scientific and international contexts Introduction Iran has natural potential for creating a wide range of landslides; Because of different climatic zones, Topography, tectonic activity and seismicity, geology and natural condition. The basin of Komeh is located in southern Isfahan province. This research studies the factors affecting the occurrence of landslides and makes draw a hazard zonation map to identify sensitive areas with potential hazards.in order to, an appropriate solution could be used to the crisis and the risk of landslides to reduce damage and improve the environmental situation. Now a day Landslide and mass movements have been studied in scientific and international contexts Methodology In this research, the zoning and preparation of hazard maps are based on the combination of landslides in the region with effective criteria. The recorded landslide points of the Komeh basin have been identified by field studies, satellite images with high spatial resolution, geological and topographic maps and converted to Landslide zones. Then, effective independent variables (such as slope, direction of amplitude, elevation, lithology or geology, land use, fault, waterway, rainfall and communication path network) were identified in the occurrence of landslide phenomenon and Using relative frequency method, the relative weight of each floor was calculated from each variable. Finally, by comparing and overlapping the mapping of landslides and hazard zonation maps in GIS, to evaluate and compare the fuzzy landslide risk zoning operators using two methods, of quality Sum (Qs) and method ( P). so appropriate operator with survey area and different classes of risk of landslide occurrence in the Komeh basin. Results Fuzzy maps were created after recognizing the factors affecting landslide and zoning as effective factors in the area. Using fuzzy functions and fuzzy maps were created. Considering the relative weights calculated the geological variable as the most effective and then gradient variable occurrence of slopes of the basin of Komeh was based on specialist's idea. After weighing each variable Based on the relative weights obtained from the hierarchical analysis, Landslide hazard zonation map of Komeh basin was provided by five fuzzy logic overlapping operators, Sum, Product, Gamma 0.7, Gamma 0.8 and Gamma 0.9. Results Fuzzy maps were created after recognizing the factors affecting landslide and zoning as effective factors in the area. Using fuzzy functions and fuzzy maps were created. Considering the relative weights calculated the geological variable as the most effective and then gradient variable occurrence of slopes of the basin of Komeh was based on specialist's idea. After weighing each variable Based on the relative weights obtained from the hierarchical analysis, Landslide hazard zonation map of Komeh basin was provided by five fuzzy logic overlapping operators, Sum, Product, Gamma 0.7, Gamma 0.8 and Gamma 0.9. - Discussion & Conclusions Generally, in this region a quantitative fuzzy method is Able to find and recognize landslides zone. Landslide is one of the most dangerous natural disasters, and some important factor such as slope, elevation range, lithology, geology... in landslide creation. Factors were identified in the region and using weight ratio model. Fuzzy weighting and weight of the criteria were determined using hierarchical analysis method. The results show that the elevation 1775-2000 with a rainfall of 500 mm, slop more 30 to 40 degrees, slopes in the northern direction due to rainfall and humidity, marn zones, intervals of 0-100 m from the rivers, distance between 0-100 m from road, 0-100 m from fault, garden and agricultural lands, they have the Most landslides allocate themselves. The value of the index (Qs) shows that the fuzzy gamma0.8 operator is with 7.09. The most appropriate method of overlapping fuzzy logic was to obtain a gamma value of 0.8 for the landslide hazard map of basin komeh. Discussion & Conclusions Generally, in this region a quantitative fuzzy method is Able to find and recognize landslides zone. Landslide is one of the most dangerous natural disasters, and some important factor such as slope, elevation range, lithology, geology... in landslide creation. Factors were identified in the region and using weight ratio model. Fuzzy weighting and weight of the criteria were determined using hierarchical analysis method. The results show that the elevation 1775-2000 with a rainfall of 500 mm, slop more 30 to 40 degrees, slopes in the northern direction due to rainfall and humidity, marn zones, intervals of 0-100 m from the rivers, distance between 0-100 m from road, 0-100 m from fault, garden and agricultural lands, they have the Most landslides allocate themselves. The value of the index (Qs) shows that the fuzzy gamma0.8 operator is with 7.09. The most appropriate method of overlapping fuzzy logic was to obtain a gamma value of 0.8 for the landslide hazard map of basin komeh. Key Words: Zoning; Landslide; komeh basin; Fuzzy Logic.
خلاصه ماشینی:
پهنه بندي خطر زمين لغزش با استفاده از تلفيق دو مدل فرآيند تحليل سلسله مراتبي و فازي (مطالعه موردي: حوضه آبخيز کمه ، استان اصفهان ) محمدرضا نوجوان - دانشيار ژئومورفولوژي گروه جغرافيا، دانشکده ادبيات و علوم انساني ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد ميبد.
پس از محاسبه نسبت فراواني و عضويت فازي طبقات ، اپراتورهاي مجموعه فازي ، شامل جمع ، ضرب و گاماهاي ۰/۷، ۰/۸ و ۰/۹، به عنوان روش هاي همپوشاني متغيرهاي رده بندي شده با مقادير عضويت فازي مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند تا نقشه هاي پهنه بندي خطر زمين لغزش در منطقه مورد مطالعه تهيه شوند.
پژوهش حاضر بر آن است تا به بررسي عوامل مؤثر در وقوع زمين لغزش و تهيه نقشه پهنه بندي خطر اين پديده به منظور شنا سايي مناطق ح ساس و داراي پتان سيل خطر بالاي لغزش را با ا ستفاده از تلفيق روش هاي Fuzzy و AHP و با بهره گيري از نرم افزار ArcGIS جهت ارائه راهکارهاي مديريتي مناســب براي مقابله با بحران نا شي از زمين لغزش ، کاهش خ سارات آن و بهبود و ضعيت زي ست محيطي حو ضه مطالعاتي بپردازد.
et al متغير زمين شناسي زمين شــناســي و ســاختار متنوع آن باعث اختلاف در پايداري و مقاومت ســنگ ها و همچنين تنوع جنس خاک مي شــود (٢٠٠٥ ,Ayalew and Ymagishi) نوع سازند زمين شنا سي هر ناحيه نقش مهمي در گ سترش پهنه هاي لغز شي دارد (٢٠٠٧ ,Lee and pradhan) با توجه به وزن هاي نسبي محاسبه شده واحد ليتولوژي (Es) با عضويت فازي ۱، داراي بي شترين ميزان تأثيرگذاري در وقوع زمين لغزش هاي حو ضه مي با شد.