خلاصه ماشینی:
"Central to this study is a comparative survey of Jamal al-DIn and HanafFs ideas about west and aims to give an explanation of the similarities and disparities of their attitudes to the west according to a theoretical-epistemological approach.
M. Hossain Mohammadi Consolidation of Saljuqid rule on Iran in h/6th century prepared a new situation for urban life which gradually conduced to arrange social affiliations based upon religious confessions.
Keywords: Religious situation, social strife, social affiliations, Saljuqids, Rayy {P(*) Associate Professor of History, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, shyousefifar@yahoo.
Keywords: Constitutional revolution, bureaucracy, law, fundamental reforms {P(*) Assistant Professor of History, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, tonkaboni@ihcs.
The present paper purported to explain the causes of this social/political security and its relevance to the regions economic/cultural growth within that time.
Keywords: Qarakhatayids, Turkan Khatun, Kerman, Security, economical development, cultural development, endowment {P(*) Associate Professor of History, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran ptorkamanyazar@gmail.
com P} {P(**) Assistan Professor, Tarbiat Moderes University, Tehran P} {P(***) Professor of Political Sciences, University of Tehran P} {P(****) Assistant Professor of Social Sciences, University of Tehran P} The Qajari Historians Approaches to Introduce Europe and Western Colonization {P*P} Abbas Qadimi Ghidari Qajar Historians were among the first generations of Iranian people who in 19th century faced the west as an unknown and vague entity.
Keywords: Qajar era, historians, Europe, colonization, political regimes {P(*) Assistant Professor of History, University of Tabriz, ghadimi@tabrizu."