Özet:
Friedrich Nietzsche is a prominent German thinker who, influenced by his fellow countryman and pessimistic philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer, attempted to cast a new approach to the world and humanity by emphasizing human will. He considers human will to be a will directed toward power. Therefore, his ontological structure is built around it; meaning that Nietzsche perceives all value concepts such as morality, truth, etc., in accordance with the will to power in humans. On this basis, he adopts a relativistic view. Nietzsche contends that traditional morality was recreated by the base individuals who were unable to flourish their own will to power, in order to thereby restrain the will of others. Consequently, he attacks Christianity, which is the heir to moral values, and considers it a disgrace to Western humanity. For this reason, Nietzsche considers only the will to power as the absolute truth; since such wills are diverse and their interpretations are abundant, truths will also be abundant. Thus, from his perspective, the world has no intrinsic meaning or value, and values depend on human interpretations of their will to power. Since the fundamental principle throughout Nietzsche's philosophy is the "will to power," in this writing, we first address the various dimensions of this principle and then examine his approach to moral values in its light.
Otomatik Özet:
The Concept of Power from Nietzsche's Perspective Zolfaghar Naseri Sadr PhD in Philosophy of Religion, University of Tehran Abstract Friedrich Nietzsche is one of the prominent German thinkers who, influenced by his fellow pessimistic philosopher, Arthur Schopenhauer, sought to create a new approach to the world and humanity by emphasizing the human will.
This perception of power both shapes his supra-moral thought of Beyond Good and Evil and organizes his perception of politics as a means for the production of culture; that is, it pursues human greatness through constant self-overcoming and the expenditure of forces by the Overman.
According to Nietzsche, modern politics is also based on a kind of moral faith in truth and rationality that originates from Socrates, but if we want to correctly understand the meaning of culture, we must re-evaluate the value of knowledge.
They said the strong should humble themselves and provide refuge to the weak and fallen and submit to the rule of law; the intelligent should help the fool; the capable should defend the rights of the incapable (see: Maggi, 1377: 396); whereas humanity must act according to the values and standards of the flow of life and evolution, which is based on the will-to-power, in order to survive.
For this reason, Nietzsche considers existing values, which are based on "good and evil," not as absolute values, but as relative ones that have become generalized and considered absolute through the prevalence of metaphysics and its consequence, Christianity, in the West, as well as the dominance of the will to power of the Jewish people.
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