چکیده:
The historical context management can be examined, such as the Pyramids of Egypt
management, control and communication practices in the ancient Roman Empire
and the legal framework of trade in the fourteenth century Venice followed.
Nevertheless, Iranians, Chinese, German and some other relatives insights and
attitudes of the past have chosen in this area, but major changes in management
during the Industrial Revolution came expecting. The world in the seventeenth
century, the era of social upheaval when the thirteen American colonies broke away
from Britain and the United States formed the crucial transformations spent. In this
period of rapid population growth created fairs and supply of consumer goods. It was
during this period that extends mass production methods Adam Smith (based on the
division of labor and specialization in the pin factory) industry took a big turn in such
a way that its effects are still seen in how often business organizations be. For
example, Henry Ford in the early twentieth century by mass production in automotive
manufacturing were achieved legendary success.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Styles characteristics of managers, based on assumptions of x and y: 1 emphasize the focus and emphasis on decentralization and autonomy of decision making organizational units 2 emphasizing the control of emphasizing the evaluation results 3 please orbital and orbital leadership role by hiring managers and supportive role by administrators 4 external incentives of internal incentives Job 5 expect to achieve short-term results expected long-term results 6.
He believes that if management attitude is based on the assumptions of the theory of x, with their employees will behave with the same attitude; hence, such is the detailed control and management mechanisms to motivate employees, only material incentives uses, while if the attitude director y is based on the assumptions of the theory, can combine individual and organizational goals.
stressed the need to resolve conflicts of interest between people Features management style based on assumptions of theory Y: 1.
For his role in the effectiveness of individual and group leadership plays a very famous as organizational behavior management Leadership is a process of social influence in which the leader of the voluntary participation of employees in an effort to achieve organizational goals sought (Katz, Daniel, and Robert L.
It would be for the person or others and achieve its objectives with organizational goals are compatible or incompatible Network Management One of the known results emphasize the leadership behaviors that work and those targeted issues gauge style management (network management) is presented by Black and Mouton.
Control of management assumptions about human resources support an organizational features.