چکیده:
Objective: The present study aims at investigating the effects of behavioral therapy techniques
through operant conditioning and observational learning on children’s aggression aged 4-6
years.
Methods: To this end, a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study with two experimental groups
and a control group was designed. We used non-probability purposive sampling method to select
45 mothers of aggressive children out of all mothers in Deylam City, Iran. They were randomly
assigned into three groups (each group included 15 participants). Primary data were collected
using the questionnaire developed by Vahedi, Fathi-Azar, Hosseini-Nasab, and Moghadam
(2008). To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance, 1-way analysis of covariance,
and Bonferroni tests were used.
Results: The results indicated that teaching operant conditioning and observational learning
techniques to the mothers reduced their children’s overall aggression along with its components,
including verbal-offensive, physical-offensive, and relational aggression as well as impulsive
anger.
Conclusion: These techniques are recommended to be used in clinical interventions to teach
the families how to control their children’s aggression.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"The present study reveals the effects of operant conditioning and observational learning techniques on aggression among 4-6 years old children, in particular exploring their potential effects on different components of aggression, such as verbal- offensive, physical-offensive, and relational aggression as well as impulsive anger.
In future studies, it would be better to teach behavioral therapy techniques of operant conditioning and observational learning to fa- thers of 4-6 years old aggressive children and compare the results with the findings of the current study.
Summary of the intervention sessions hold for the observational learning group: Session No. Activities Warm-up for 10 minutes and introducing the members to each other, discussing the purpose of the study, an 1 overview of the primary regulations of the sessions, introducing Bandura’s social learning theory, focusing on the importance of observation in learning new behavior, and reducing aggression in children 2 Providing the necessary training to create appropriate emotional an interactive climate for children at home 3 Teaching modeling process to the mothers to be a model for their children 4 Introducing vicarious and personal reinforcement and punishment and their role in observational learning as well as covert modeling principle 5 Introducing symbolic models in stories 6 Introducing symbolic models in stories to practice observational learning 7 Introducing symbolic models in movies (using acquisition and disinhibition principles) along with reviewing previ- ous sessions’ assignments 8 Introducing symbolic models in cartoons (using acquisition and disinhibition principles), reviewing the assign- ments and previous sessions’ topics with other participants and providing feedback Based on Michie et al."