چکیده:
Objective: Depression is a growing public health problem, which needs more consideration in
primary care settings. By focusing primarily on developmental psychology, attachment style is
one of the most influential variables on the risk of internalized disorders. Although attachment
styles have strong effects in emotional aspect of human mental life, emotional turbulence
and dysfunction are considered as key factors in depression disorder. This study aimed to
examine the effect of attachment styles on emotion recognition, emotion regulation, emotional
perspective taking, and depression in multivariate space. To this end, attachment styles are
considered as input separately; emotion recognition in three categories (neutral, negative, and
positive), emotion regulation, and emotional perspective taking set as mediator of equation;
and depression as an output.
Methods: Participants were all high-school students, selected based on multistage random sampling
method. Finally, 296 students participated in the study and all ethical issues included informed
consent were approved by the Ethics Committee of University of Isfahan. Statistical analysis was
done by AMOS 22 and SPSS 22. The study instruments were attachment styles questionnaire
(ASQ) by Hazen and Shaver (1987), facial emotion recognition pictures by Ekman and Frizen
(1978), emotion regulation skills questionnaire (ERSQ) by Berking and Znoj (2008), emotional
perspective taking dilemmas, and Beck depression inventory (BDI-II) (1996). The data analysis
was done using Structural Equation Modeling.
Results: According to model fit indices of χ2 = 2703.41, df = 1804, CFI = 0.86, and RMSEA
= 0.04, this model relatively appropriate fit the adolescents girls sample, thus the main
hypothesis of the study was confirmed. In addition, attachment styles have direct and indirect
effects on depression. The indirect effect of attachment styles were mediated through emotion
recognition, emotion regulation, and emotional perspective taking.
Conclusion: Attachment styles have a strong and significant effect on emotional state and also
probability of depression of adolescent girls. Children in secure relationship learn to recognize
and regulate their emotions in addition to taking others’ perspective about emotional filed.
Thus, in facing high pressure situations of adolescence, they would experience lower levels
of depression.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"Testing the Model of Attachment, Facial Emotion Recognition,EmotionRegulation,EmotionalPerspective Taking, and Depression in Female Adolescents CrossMark Mahboobe Moradi Siah Afshadi1, Sho'le Amiri1*, Hossein Molavi1 1- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
The study instruments were attachment styles questionnaire (ASQ) by Hazen and Shaver (1987), facial emotion recognition pictures by Ekman and Frizen (1978), emotion regulation skills questionnaire (ERSQ) by Berking and Znoj (2008), emotional perspective taking dilemmas, and Beck depression inventory (BDI-II) (1996).
So far, an extensive study in Iran has not been con- ducted to review the effects of attachment styles on emotional variables (emotion regulation, facial emotion recognition and emotional perspective taking) and ef- fects of these variables on depression on depression, in one structural equation model among adolescent girls.
The main purpose of this study was examining the model fit of attachment styles, facial emotion recognition, emotion regulation skills, emotional perspective taking and depression.
In this study, the effect of attachment styles on emo- tion regulation, emotion recognition, emotional perspec- tive taking, and also depression and the effect of these emotional variables (emotion regulation, emotion rec- ognition and emotional perspective taking) on depres- sion were checked in multivariable term via a model in a sample of 296 high-school girl students.
Obviously, emotion regulation skills, negative facial emotion recognition, and emotional perspective taking partially mediated the effect of attachment styles on depression disorder.
4. Discussion Testing the effect model of attachment styles, emotion recognition, emotion regulation, emotional perspective taking on depression was the main study purpose."