چکیده:
مرگ از احوال نفس انسانی است. نفس آدمی به واسطه اتحادی که با بدن دارد، دارای اوصاف و احوالات گوناگونی است. یکی از مهم ترین این اوصاف "مرگ" است. به نظر ملاصدرا نفس با به کار گرفتن بدن، استعدادهای مختلف خود را به فعلیت می رساند. و در صورتی که با به کمال رسیدن خود، دیگر نیازی به بدن نداشته باشد، نفس از بدن مفارقت می کند و به واسطه ی این مفارقت، از عالم دنیا وارد عالم آخرت می شود. ضمنا چون نفس بالذات زنده است و بدن به واسطه اضافه تدبیری نفس، دارای حیات است، بنابراین نفس که عین شعور و آگاهی به خود می باشد، پس از مرگ به حیات خود ادامه می دهد و این بدن است که با عدم تدبیر به واسطه ی نفس ترکیب خود را از دست می دهد و دچار مرگ می شود.
Death is one of the states of the human soul. Due to its alliance with the body, the human soul has various faculties and states. One of the most significant of these faculties is ‘death’. In Mulla Sadra's view, the soul brings its various potentials to realization through employing the body. And when the soul no longer needs the body after attaining perfection, it leaves the body, and enters the Hereafter as a result of this separation. Meanwhile, since the soul is inherently alive and the body comes to life through the soul’s prudential addition, the soul is the exact replica of consciousness and self-awareness. The soul continues to exist after death, and it is the body which embraces death and gets decomposed due to losing the mediation of the soul.
Death is one of the states of the human soul. Due to its alliance with the body, the human soul has various faculties and states. One of the most significant of these faculties is ‘death’. In Mulla Sadra's view, the soul brings its various potentials to realization through employing the body. And when the soul no longer needs the body after attaining perfection, it leaves the body, and enters the Hereafter as a result of this separation. Meanwhile, since the soul is inherently alive and the body comes to life through the soul’s prudential addition, the soul is the exact replica of consciousness and self-awareness. The soul continues to exist after death, and it is the body which embraces death and gets decomposed due to losing the mediation of the soul.