چکیده:
هدف اصلی این تحقیق، بررسی ویژگیها و ابعاد محله خوب در شهر تهران است. این تحقیق به شیوه کیفی تحلیل مضمون انجام شده است و دادههای مربوط به آن با استفاده از فنون مصاحبه و مشاهده، از هشت محله شهر تهران با نامهای کیانشهر، یافت آباد، شمیران نو، کارون شمالی، نارمک مرکزی، باغ فیض، نیاوران و سعادت آباد، جمعآوری شده است. مشارکتکنندگان این تحقیق شامل 59 نفر بوده و دادههای جمعآوری شده نیز با روش تحلیل مضمون، تحلیل شدهاند. یافتههای این تحقیق نشان میدهد که ویژگیهای محله خوب شامل "وجود آدمهای خوب و اخلاق مدار"، "بهداشت و تمیزی محله"، "وجود امکانات تفریحی، فرهنگی و ورزشی"، "دسترسی آسان به ملزومات زندگی و وسایل نقلیه عمومی"، "ساکت، خلوت و کم جمعیت بودن محله"، "وجود فضای سبز، پارک و آب و هوای خوب"، "معماری و ظاهر خوب محله"، "عدم دخالت در سبک زندگی دیگران"، "تعامل سالم و خوب با همسایگان"، "عدم وجود ناهنجاری های اجتماعی و وجود امنیت و سلامت اجتماعی" و "محیط تربیتی مناسب برای فرزندان/ کودکان" بوده است. مردم در تعریف خود محله خوب را جایی میدیدند که دارای سه بعد مهم "سلامت اجتماعی"، "فضای کالبدی و محیطی مناسب" و "برخوردار از امکانات و تسهیلات زندگی" باشد.
IntroductionThe concept of neighborhood and its perception has changed in big cities, especially in Tehran. In this way, both the geographical boundaries of the past neighborhoods have changed and the meaning and concept of the neighborhood as a social center has lost its previous position. Therefore, considering these changes, this research seeks to find out how people perceive a good neighborhood today and what are the characteristics of this good neighborhood. If a neighborhood is not good or we do not live in a good neighborhood, two challenges arise: 1) neighborhood instability and 2) disregard for the neighborhood, which reinforce each other. The badness of the neighborhood shows itself with such things as lack of sense of identity to the neighborhood and lack of sense of belonging to the neighborhood, lack of participation and voluntary mobilization of human and financial resources and facilities and the like.Therefore, understanding a good or desirable neighborhood is important for city managers and urban planners to be able to help maintain and develop neighborhoods by recognizing the ideas, needs and priorities of citizens and enhance the attractiveness of urban neighborhoods for life and vitality. Also, by understanding the characteristics of a good neighborhood and its dimensions, it is possible to expansion urban development programs based on the material and mental needs of the neighborhood people.In our opinion, a good neighborhood is a place that has vitality, livability, good standards of living, and in fact it is a place where one has a sense of place and belongs. methodThe methodological approach of this article is qualitative. Data is collected using interview and observation techniques from eight neighborhoods of Tehran with the names of Kianshahr, Yaftaabad, Shemiran Neu, Karoun-e Shomali, Narmak-e Markazi, Bagh Feyz, Niavaran and Saadataabad. The participants of this study included 59 people and the collected data were analyzed through content analysis method.FindingThe findings of this study show that the characteristics of a good neighborhood include "having good and moral people", "neighborhood health and cleanliness", "having recreational, cultural and sports facilities", "easy access to living necessities and public transportation", " Silence and low population of the neighborhood", "Existence of green space, park and good weather", "Architecture and good appearance of the neighborhood", "No interference in the lifestyle of others", "Interaction and good relations with neighbors", "Lack of social problems /anomalies and enjoyment of social security and health “, and " a suitable training and educational environment for children".People see a good neighborhood as a place that have three important dimensions: "social health", "suitable physical space and environment" and "having and enjoy the Living facilities".Results & ConclusionA good neighborhood is very closely linked to attachment. If it is a good neighborhood, of course, attachment to the neighborhood will be positive and high. It can be said that in order to have a vital and sustainable city, as well as to have a livable neighborhood for people, paying attention to the dimensions of a good neighborhood is an important and vital, and it should be seriously considered by city planners and managers.Keywords: Good Neighborhood, Neighborhood livability, Neighborhood Vitality, Attachment to Neighborhood, Tehran.