خلاصه ماشینی:
Chapters 3 and 4 analyze Macedonia, a country with a large minority of ethnic Albanians-a mostly Muslim, tightly knit society-officially estimated to comprise 23 percent of the population.
The three contributors to chapter 4 examine the Muslims in Macedonia as a religious minority rather than as an ethnic group, although most of them are Albanian.
The contributors describe in graphic detail the problems suffered by the Muslim minorities: socially and economica1ly disadvantaged, sometimes to the point where, for example, ethnic Turks--usually the better educated-are obliged to migrate to Turkey.
In chapter 7 the contributor examines Albania, a mostly Muslim country where Islam survived many years of enforced atheism under Communist rule, and where there has been "an upsurge of religious feelings" since the coming of democracy in 1991.
As the Muslim community has increased with the addition of dependents and secondgeneration immigrants, so have the problems it faces in education (religious education is a detailed example), employment, and its relations with the state and German population.
The contributors also examine the changes in the practice of Islam by the immigrants in a Westernized secular setting (officially Christian) and the attitudes of the second-generation Muslims to their faith.
Chapter 15 is a careful, detailed analysis of the Muslim community in Spain, a country unique in Western Europe in having been an important part of the Islamic empire and its civilization for eight centuries.