چکیده:
The Arab revolutions have changed the political and security landscape of the Persian Gulf. The upheavals have altered the sources of threats states used to feel from those emanating from outside the internal ones; the unrest in Bahrain and Saudi Arabia has proved that the sources of tension for the Arab states are quite societal. As a result، the old Arab tactic of attribution of domestic challenges to alleged Iranian interventionism is now obsolete. The traditional role played by the regional powers is also affected and the regional alignments are in flux. The overthrow of the Mubarak regime along with the U.S middle of the way approach during the Arab revolutions have elevated Iran’s stance in the Persian Gulf at the expense of the U.S and the GCC. Moreover، the security interdependence of the Persian Gulf states، particularly among the GCC، is tightened and in the face of increasing security challenges، the monarchical bloc is revitalized with the aim to buttress Arab regimes. All the said developments are the subject of examination in this article through application of the regional security complex (RSC) theory.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Moreover, the security interdependence of the Persian Gulf states, particularly among the GCC, is tightened and in the face of increasing security challenges, the monarchical bloc is revitalized with the aim to buttress Arab regimes.
119-142 Introduction During the years 2011 and 2012, the Arab world has gone through a series of developments which are going to change the fate of the once ‘exceptional’ region (Blaydes & Lo 2011; Jreisat 2006; Spindel 2011).
In order to answer these questions the notion of regional security complex (RSC) is at work in this article upon which the discussions are developed; the Persian Gulf is regarded as a sub- regional security complex whose dynamics are affected by the Arab revolutions.
Four indicators of regional structure and roles, enmity and amity patterns, existential threats and security interdependence are extracted from the theory and utilized to examine the impacts of the revolutions on the Persian Gulf.
All in all, the state actors of the Persian Gulf can be categorized to regional great powers, above all Iran and Saudi Arabia.
The presence of foreign forces in the region continued after the British departure in 1971 in the form of indirect intervention through the Eisenhower doctrine, which favored regional states seeking financial and political support from the United States with the aim to prevent a Communist takeover and Nixon’s twin pillar doctrine, placing the responsibility of regional stability and security on the shoulders of the two regional powers of Iran and Saudi Arabia.
Conclusion The Arab revolutions have brought about important changes to the Persian Gulf as a sub-regional security complex.