خلاصة:
ﯿﻌد اﻟﻔﺴـــــﺎد ﻓﻲ اﻟوﻗت اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ ﺒﻤﺜﺎﺒﺔ ظﺎﻫرة ﻋﺎﻟﻤﯿﺔ، ﻨظراً ﻷن أﺜﺎرﻩ اﻟﺴـــــﻠﺒﯿﺔ ﺘﻌﺘﺒر ﻋﺎﺒرةً ﻟﻠﺤدود، ﺤﯿث ﺘﻤﺘد ﺘﻠک اﻵﺜﺎر ﻟﺘﺸـــــﻤل أﻛﺜر ﻤن دوﻟﺔ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﺤو ﯿﺴــــــﺘوﺠب ﻀــــــرورة ﺘﻔﻌﯿل اﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﺒﯿن اﻟدول، وذﻟک ﻐﯿﺔ اﻟوﻗﺎﯿﺔ ﻤن آﻓﺔ اﻟﻔﺴــــــﺎد وﻤﺤﺎرﺒﺘﻬﺎ، وﻫذا ﻤﺎ أﻛدﺘﻪ اﻻﺘﻔﺎﻗﯿﺎت اﻟدوﻟﯿﺔ واﻹﻗﻠﯿﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺼــــــﺔ ﺒﻤﻛﺎﻓﺤﺔ اﻟﻔﺴــــﺎد، وﻋﻠﻰ رأﺴــــﻬﺎ اﻻﺘﻔﺎﻗﯿﺔ اﻷﻤﻤﯿﺔ ﻟﻌﺎم 2003، ﺤﯿث ﻛرﺴــــت ﺘﻠک اﻻﺘﻔﺎﻗﯿﺎت ﻋدة آﻟﯿﺎت ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎون اﻟدوﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﻤﺤﺎرﺒﺔ اﻟﻔﺴــــﺎد، وذﻟک ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﺤو ﯿﺸــــﻤل اﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺘﺴــــــﻠﯿم اﻟﻤﺠرﻤﯿن، واﻟﻤﺴــــــﺎﻋدة اﻟﻘﺎﻨوﻨﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎدﻟﺔ، واﻟﺘﺤرﯿﺎت واﻟﺘﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اﻟﻤﺸــــــﺘرﻛﺔ، واﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﻓﻲ إطﺎر اﺴــــــﺘرداد اﻷﺼــــــول، وﻨﻘل اﻹﺠراءات اﻟﺠزاﺌﯿﺔ، وﻨﻘل اﻟﻤﺤﻛوم ﻋﻠﯿﻬم واﻟﻤﺘﻬﻤﯿن، واﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل إﻨﻔﺎذ اﻟﻘﺎﻨون. وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟرﻏم ﻤن اﻟﺘﻛرﯿس اﻟﻘﺎﻨوﻨﻲ ﺴـــــــــــــﺎﺒق اﻟذﻛر، إﻻ أن اﻟﺘﻌﺎون اﻟدوﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﻤﺤﺎرﺒﺔ اﻟﻔﺴــﺎد ﻻ ﯿزال ﯿﺸــﻬد رﻛوداً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺼــﻌﯿد اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘطﺒﯿﻘﯿﺔ؛ ﻟذا، ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﯿﺘوﺠب ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟدول أن ﺘﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻌزﯿز وﺘدﻋﯿم ﺴــﺒل وآﻟﯿﺎت اﻟﺘﻌﺎون اﻟﻤذﻛور، وﻻ ﯿﻛون ذﻟک ﻤﻤﻛﻨﺎً إﻻ ﻤن ﺨﻼل رﺒط إﺠراءات ﻤﻛﺎﻓﺤﺔ اﻟﻔﺴــﺎد ﺒﻤﻨظوﻤﺔ ﺤﻘوق اﻹﻨﺴــﺎن اﻟﻤﻠزﻤﺔ ﻗﺎﻨوﻨﺎً، إذ ﻻ أﺤد ﯿﻨﻛر أن اﻟﻔﺴــﺎد ﯿؤﺜر ﺴــﻠﺒﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﻘوق اﻹﻨﺴــﺎن، واﻟﻌﻛس ﺼــــﺤﯿﺢ، إذ أن اﻟﻤواﺠﻬﺔ اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻟظﺎﻫرة اﻟﻔﺴــــﺎد ﺘؤدی إﻟﻰ ﺼــــون ﺤﻘوق اﻹﻨﺴــــﺎن وﺤرﯿﺎﺘﻪ؛ وﺒذات اﻟوﻗت، ﻓﺈن ﻗﯿﺎم اﻟدول ﺒﺘﻔﻌﯿل أدوات اﻟﺘﻌﺎون اﻟدوﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﻤﻛﺎﻓﺤﺔ اﻟﻔﺴﺎد ﯿﺘﻀﻤن ﺘﻠﻘﺎﺌﯿﺎً اﻟوﻓﺎء ﺒﺎﻻﻟﺘزاﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺼﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﻤﺎﯿﺔ ﺤﻘوق اﻹﻨﺴﺎن، ﺒﻤﺎ ﯿﻀﻤن ﻋدم اﻨﺘﻬﺎک ﻫذﻩ اﻷﺨﯿرة أو اﻟﺘﻌدی ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ.
Corruption is considered a global phenomenon now a days, since its negative impacts are transnational.
Accordingly, this requires the necessity of activating the cooperation between the countries in the aim of preventing the
scourge of corruption and fighting it. This was actually affirmed by the international and regional conventions related to
anti-corruption, on top of them the United Nations Convention against Corruption. Those conventions dedicated number
of international cooperation mechanisms in the field of combating corruption in manner to include the cooperation in the
field of extradition, the mutual legal assistance, joint investigations and enquiries, the cooperation in the field of asset
recovery, transfer of criminal proceedings, transfer of sentenced people and defendants, in addition to the cooperation in
law enforcement. Despite of the aforementioned legal dedication, the international cooperation in anti-corruption is still
insufficient on the practical level, for this purpose the countries should work on enhancing and supporting the methods
and mechanisms of the mentioned cooperation. This cannot be possible without connecting the anti-corruption procedures
to the legally-binding human rights system. No one can deny the negative impact of corruption to the human rights and
visa-versa. Considering the effective confrontation to the corruption leads to safeguard human rights and freedoms, and at
the same time the countries to activate the international cooperation tools in the field of anti-corruption shall automatically
contain fulfilling the commitments related to human rights protection in manner, it shall ensure not to be violated or
infringed.