خلاصة:
مقاوله نامههای زیادی در جهت حمایت و حفاظت از حقوق زنان در موضوعات اشتغال، بهداشت و رفاه به وجود آورده شده است. با توجه به مقاوله نامههای سازمان بینالملی کار که موضوع این مطالعه است، باید یادآوری نمود که مقاوله نامههایی چون مقاولهنامه عدم تبعیض (C111)، مقاوله نامه حمایت از مادری (C3, C103, C183) از مهمترین مقاولهنامههایی هستند که موضوع بحث ما درباره آن است. عدم تصویب این مقاوله نامهها توسط تمامی دولتهای عضو کارآیی حتی پیشرفتهترین طرحهای حمایتی بینالمللی را کاهش میدهد.پرسش اصلی این مقاله آن است که آیا با وجود تصویب مقاولهنامههای پیشرفته و مهم توسط سازمان بینالمللی کار برای رفع تبعیض علیه زنان شاغل کافی است؟ به فرضیه این است که علیرغم مقاولهنامههای پیشرفته سازمان بینالمللی کار در مقوله رفع تبعیض علیه زنان شاغل، به دلیل اینکه دولتهای عضو پس از تصویب اقدامات جدی در اجرای آن اتخاذ نمیکنند باعث عدم کارآیی مقاولهنامهها و نگرانی جدی در این زمینه میشود.
Women are the biggest issue of discrimination in terms of population. And so many conventions have been created to protect women's rights in employment, health and welfare. According to the conventions of the International Labor Organization that are the subject of this study, it should be noted that conventions such as the Convention on Non-Discrimination (C111), the Convention on Maternity Protection (C3,C103,C183) are among the most important conventions that are the subject of our discussion. Failure to ratify these conventions by all member states reduces the effectiveness of even the most advanced international protection schemes. The scope of these schemes is also largely limited by the reservation exercised by the approving governments. The implementation of these conventions and initiatives at the national level also raises serious concerns for countries that do not take serious action after ratification. An integrated approach is needed to work together at both national and international levels to overcome discrimination against women. Regarding the effectiveness of international treaties, it is essential that each country that ratifies the treaty establishes appropriate and relevant enforcement mechanisms at the domestic level. The main question of this article is whether, despite the ratification of advanced and important conventions by the International Labor Organization, it is sufficient to eliminate discrimination against working women? It is hypothesized that despite the International Labor Organization's advanced treaties on discrimination against working women, because the member states do not take serious action to implement them after ratification, the treaties are ineffective and cause serious concern.