Evaluating the two cognitive poetics concepts of 'figure' and 'ground' for the interpretation and reading of Hafez's poetry مقالة

عنوان اصلی: ارزیابی دو مفهوم شعرشناسی شناختیِ «نقش» و «زمینه» برای تفسیر و خوانش شعر حافظ

شعر پژوهی پاییز 1403 - شماره 61 التصنيف: ب/ISC (‎18 صفحة - من 23 إلی 40 )

الکلمات المفتاحية: Cognitive Criticism Peter Stockwell نقد معرفي تحليل لغة الشعر كلمات مفتاحية جماليات معرفية بيتر ستوكول شرح معرفي لشعر حافظ نقد معرفي للزخارف Analysis of poetic language Keywords Cognitive poetics Cognitive explanation of Hafez s poetry Cognitive criticism of figures of speech Hafez Cognitive Poetics Cognitive Poetics Approach Persian ـــــــــــ

خلاصة:

The emergence of cognitive poetics in recent decades has resulted in a new attention to the relation between language and mind as well as a focus on what happens in the mind when one reads a poetic text. In a part of this theory that shows the importance of the "figure" and "ground" in human perception, it is suggested that in the analysis of human perception of poetry, these two concepts should be carefully considered because they can show how mental attention of the audience could be attracted and influenced by it. The present article firstly tries to provide a correct understanding of the general view of this type of poetic analysis especially in considering the specific definition of "interpretation" and "reading" in cognitive poetics. Then, by focusing more on the definitions and functions of figure and ground, it presents some examples of them in Hafez's poetry. After that, in order to evaluate more objectively the theoretical efficiency and practical utility of this type of cognitive analysis, the main pattern of figure and ground in a random Hafez sonnet is extracted. Then, following a method based on two concepts of "interpretation" used for micro-study and "reading" for macro-study in this theory, we have studied other examples in Hafez's Divan. This study has achieved significant results for the evaluation of Hafez' poetry. Furthermore, it can be concluded that this method can be useful for studying the works of other Persian poets too.

ملخص الجهاز:

Stockwell, who is himself one of the pioneers of cognitive poetics, based on this, in the second chapter of his book "Cognitive Poetics: An Introduction," details the dissection of this subtle subject and, after dissecting the two elements of figure and ground and a very important and useful discussion about the concept of "attention" and its connection to the perception of figure and ground, has endeavored to provide a new method for the analysis of poetry and, as an example, has also analyzed a short poem by Ted Hughes based on it (see ibid. Problem Statement and Research Method The present article aims to first provide a correct understanding and description of the two important elements "figure" and "ground" from the perspective of cognitive poetics and then, as an experimental study, to investigate and evaluate these two concepts from two perspectives, micro and macro, in the analysis of Hafez's poetry; therefore, the present writing endeavors, based on repeated and precise readings of the original text [second edition, 2020] of "Cognitive Poetics: An Introduction" by Peter Stockwell and its two Persian translations, to: a. It should be mentioned that in addition to this book, the article "Miltonic Context and the Feeling of Reading" by Stockwell has also been translated into Persian by Asghari (1392), and Sadeghi (1402) has also addressed the explanation of the concepts of this approach and examples of analysis based on it by authoring a three-volume book on literary criticism with a cognitive approach.

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