خلاصة:
The Verse 72 of Surah Al-Aḥzāb is one of the most difficult verses in which the commentators have different opinions on its phrases. One of its phrases is "إِنَّهُ کانَ ظَلُوماً جَهُولاً" which conveys different views of the commentators with confusion of understanding the verse. They mostly considered the phrase as a human reproach, while some later commentators, with a different interpretation, considered it as a human praise. Referring to more than 150 exegeses, in the present article 10 meanings of the word “ظَلُوماً” (oppressed) and 14 meanings of “جَهُولاً” (ignorant) are found, most of which are far from the true meaning of these two descriptions in the verse. Examining and criticizing the views of the proponents of human guilt and those of human praise, the arguments of both groups are proved to be incomplete. As a result, according to this research, these two descriptions refer to the natural and specific characteristics of human beings, that have become the basis for accepting trust from God in order to free themselves from oppression and ignorance and reach justice and knowledge. Hence, this phrase is not human fault despite being reprehensible apparently. Just as it is difficult and unacceptable to take human praise from these attributes, but these two attributes only refer to specific human characteristics.
ملخص الجهاز:
Based on the research findings, these two descriptions refer to the natural and exclusive characteristic of human beings that created the ground for accepting trust from God so that they can free themselves from injustice and ignorance and reach justice and knowledge.
7. Thaalabi narrates from Hussein ibn Fadl: “The meaning of Jahool is that man is ignorant in the belief of the angels, not in the sight of God” [15, Vol. 8, p.
Fadl Allah writes in explaining the description of Jahool in the verse: “The meaning is man’s ignorance of his position [in the universe] and his return [to the Lord], due to his negligence” [29, Vol. 19, p.
2. Some, like Ibn Abbas and Dihhak, considering the content of the verse, which is carrying the trust, have considered its meaning to be Adam (AS) [See: 32, Vol. 14, p.
2. Mulla ‘Abdur-Razzaq Kashani and following him Haqqi Bruyi said in another view: “This expression is praise, not blame, because Adam (peace be upon him) took this burden of trust with his own effort; while it was beyond his capacity, or man accepted it despite his weak constitution and limited power, because bearing the trust is through effort, not power” [34, Vol. 7, pp.
In this interpretive understanding of the verse, injustice and ignorance refer to two characteristics of man after accepting the trust.
Investigator: Abu Muhammad Ibn Ashur, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi.
Investigator: Muhammad Abd al-Qadir, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya.
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