خلاصة:
In a world where irrational human activities have caused irreparable damage to the environment, it is naturally necessary and inevitable to design a procedure for achieving sustainable development within which limited and irreplaceable resources can be managed. Protecting the environment, and in particular water resources, has become crucial in the current climate change. This is doubly important in Iran due to limited water resources, while in Iran water conservation programs and research are generally focused on technological innovations rather than behavioral issues. This article examines the status of behaviors related to the protection of environmental resources, especially water resources and its education in Iran to examine the impact of formal education on environmental behaviors. The present study was conducted in District One of Tehran with the target community of students in all educational levels. In addition to library reviews, this research has analyzed the content of textbooks in different educational levels and has analyzed textbooks in terms of text, images, maps and diagrams. The findings show that although 95% of the participants were aware of the protection of water resources, only 42% of them paid serious attention to the need to protect water resources, and increasing the level of education and training led to improved behaviors Water retention has been. In addition, water conservation education in the formal education program has a low level, so it can be said that education in the field of environment and in particular water and the protection of related resources have been neglected in formal education. This can be seen in the lack of place for this issue, especially in textbooks.
ملخص الجهاز:
Investigating the role of formal education in changing environmental behaviors (Case study: Optimal use of water) 1 Submitted: 2020/05/25 Morteza Zolfaghari Accepted: 2020/09/20 Abstract In a world where irrational human activities have inflicted irreparable damage on the environment, designing a strategy to achieve sustainable development, within which limited and irreplaceable resources can be managed, is naturally a necessary and unavoidable matter.
Keywords: Environment, water resources management, water conservation, formal education Introduction Water is considered the source of life and the most important connecting factor between various environmental, social, economic, and political systems at different local, regional, national, and international scales.
Various studies show that education and training can clearly increase behaviors related to environmental protection and lead to high consumption efficiency in the field of water resource consumption (Majnoonian, 1393: 5).
However, programs and research related to the protection of water resources in Iran are entirely focused on innovation in the technological field, and so far, significant actions regarding the training of capable and responsible personalities to shape environmental resource conservation behaviors have not been prominent (Bismali and Asrari, 1393: 3).
To achieve the objectives of this research, this survey was used as a multiple-choice questionnaire consisting of three parts (Table 1): the interviewee's background information (for example: gender, age, and education); the interviewee's awareness and behavior regarding water conservation, which was expressed through their actions related to water resource conservation (such as water reuse and fixing leaking water taps); and the interviewee's motivation for adopting water conservation habits in schools, commercial centers, and offices.
The relationship between education and water conservation behaviors Formal education in this research refers to education (including three levels: primary, lower secondary, and upper secondary) and higher education (Table 3).
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