Iran's Foreign Policy in Latin America with an Emphasis on ALBA Countries and the National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran (2005 - 2013) مقالة

عنوان اصلی: سیاست خارجی ایران در آمریکای لاتین با تأکید بر کشورهای آلبا و امنیت ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران (1384 - 1392)

آفاق امنیت تابستان 1394 - شماره 27 التصنيف: العلمية - البحثية/ISC (‎26 صفحة - من 155 إلی 180 )

الکلمات المفتاحية: foreign policy Islamic Republic of Iran Latin America Strategic Depth ALBA Union

خلاصة:

The purpose of compiling this article is to recognize the foreign policy of the ninth and tenth governments in Latin America, primarily focusing on the ALBA union countries. In previous governments, the economic aspect of relations with these countries was more prominent; whereas in the ninth and tenth governments, in addition to developing relations in the economic sphere, political interactions also took priority. Accordingly, in this article, using a quantitative survey method with interview tools (with various elites, including the presidents of the ninth and tenth governments and the President of Bolivia, Mr. Morales) and questionnaires at the level of policymakers and officials of ALBA member countries, and based on the obtained analyses, the reasons for the development of relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and ALBA member countries have been examined. Furthermore, the common views of the ninth and tenth governments and ALBA member countries regarding the unfair structure of the international system, the unilateralism of powerful countries, anti-hegemonic policies, and the approach of independence-seeking and justice-seeking by both sides in the international arena have been investigated. The research results show that the presence of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Latin America, as the backyard of the United States of America, will lead to the expansion of the strategic depth of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the vicinity of the borders of United States of America policies.

ملخص الجهاز:

As a result, the most important foundations, priorities, and components of the new foreign policy of the countries of the ALBA union in the Latin American region can be stated as follows: a) Effort to achieve an independent role in policymaking and to escape the pressure of external factors; b) Effort to exert greater influence in regional and international arenas and to obtain an appropriate position in global trade; c) Strengthening ties of friendship and consolidating relations with countries outside the traditional sphere; d) Creating convergence and establishing Latin America in the international system as an influential sub-system; e) Guaranteeing economic growth and leap; f) Adopting a multilateral approach (multipolar system) and rejecting unilateralism; g) Adopting an approach of industrialization and export diversification alongside the diversification of economic partners and political relations to gain benefits and reduce vulnerability and dependence on other economies; h) In the era of globalization, which entails economic competition, Latin America for Non-Aligned Movement (September 2012) in Tehran and also the expansion of relations with Third World countries in line with anti-imperialist and anti-American policies in all regions of the world, especially the countries of the ALBA union in the Latin American region (Venezuela, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Cuba, and Ecuador), and for this purpose, the aforementioned countries were prioritized in the foreign policy of the ninth and tenth governments. The participants in the Non-Aligned Movement summit in Tehran answered this question as follows: / Conclusion The most important reasons for the prioritization of ALBA countries in Latin America in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran have been the new developments in this region with the rise to power of Hugo Chavez in Venezuela, as well as the effectiveness of the ninth and tenth governments in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the similarity of their positions in the international system and their foreign policy approaches.

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