خلاصة:
The drafting of the Constitutional and Islamic Republic constitutions in a similar manner is the achievement of two revolutionary events. The author's first hypothesis is that constitutions are considered products of the intellectuals of modernity and for this reason, they have an egalitarian attitude towards individual rights and fundamental citizenship freedoms and negate ethnic, linguistic, national, and religious discriminations. The other hypothesis is that the approach of the constitutional constitution toward the issue of ethnicities is a patriotic and national approach; and the approach of the Islamic Republic constitution is an Ummah-oriented and religious approach.
ملخص الجهاز:
The author's first hypothesis is that constitutions are considered intellectual products of modernity and, for this reason, possess an egalitarian attitude toward individual rights and fundamental citizenship freedoms, and negate ethnic, linguistic, national, and religious discriminations.
But regardless of the texts of constitutions, especially in countries like Iran, which is composed of a parallel array of ethnicities, languages, races, and religions, in practice and contrary to the inherent idealism of constitutions, there has existed an inverse relationship between the political power of the central government and the emergence of divergent ethnic crises and also convergent ethnic peace, meaning that 1- The reduction of the central government's power in multi-ethnic societies is the best environment for the growth of ethnic conflicts.
Pan-Turkists in Azeri-populated regions, Extremist nationalists on the other side of the Aras, The cultural-political center of the Turkmen people in Turkmen Sahra and Gonbad-e Kavus, The spectrum of concordant and divergent forces in Baluchistan and Khuzestan between the years 1285 to 1363 SH / 1906 to 1984 AD, Present in the contemporary history of Iran shows that the idealistic promises of revolution and modernization follow a reverse path in relation to ethnic demands; this is while both the Constitutional Constitution and the Constitution of the Islamic Republic, more or less, have an egalitarian, anti-discrimination, and anti-disruption and anti-fragmentation outlook, but in practice, the reactions are of another kind.
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