خلاصة:
In recent decades, urban planning has tended to humanist urbanism. In this regard foot travels and bicycle use are the two strategies that urban planners and transportation engineers are using them as adequate alternatives for making cities more people friendly. Using bicycle is known as a strategy that has a great role in decreasing traffic among developing countries in recent decades. These countries have taken great steps by reducing traffic congestion and environmental pollutions to reach the sustainable development using comprehensive legislations in this context. This paper aims to assess and analyse the successful countries’ experiences specifically Holland and Denmark as countries that have eliminated extensive amount of traffic difficulties by using bicycle transportation system. Also, investigating this form of transportation regarding the improvement of bicycle use culture in the case study of Niavaran district will be conducted. This article has been implemented in the basis of library–based phase of the research, case study method and observation for its field study phase. Tosum up, the findings of this study comprise the feasibility of bicycle use in the mentioned case study; in which despite of district¢s high slope, efficient proposals have been used to achieve sustainable development.
ملخص الجهاز:
Bicycle transportation system has many advantages is the most important of these advantages can be pointed to the following: Reduce the volume of traffic in the city; Not deal with parking shortages; Economic savings; Reduce the risk of accidents; Non renewable energy consumption; Reduce environmental pollution such as air pollution and sound pollution; Create happiness and health for increased passenger.
Including the important reasons that led to widespread use of bicycles in this country are as follows: Appropriate opportunities in this field such as, bicycle parking, bike lights separate trips; Children’s education plan from age 3 with toys and themes; Cycling skills training projects in schools and cognitive symptoms such as balance and respect for the law; construction of separate trails marked with blue dye for the security of cyclists; providing free bicycles in the city; Government to adopt measures such as increasing public transport costs to lead people towards the use of cheaper transportation (Tolley, 2003).
The major goals of this program are as follows: To increase the share of urban bike trips in Germany 2012; To develop cycling as a part of the uniform policy of the sustainable transport; To increase public acceptance and development of local transportation-oriented nature, in order to reach the "city of short distances"(Federal Ministry of Transport, 2002); To increase road safety.
In this regard, to achieve sustainable transport, Tehran Municipality has considered specific planning and bike based 5-year urban designs in addition to the expansion of public transportation such as subway and express buses in 22 regions of the Tehran city (Malekzadeh, 2002).