خلاصة:
Effects of neglecting climatic patterns in buildings are more intense in severe climates such as tropical. It is resulting an excessive consumption of fossil fuels and consequently environmental pollutions in and after modern era. The objective of this research is to find climate-oriented intentions and solutions in tropical areas and compare them with Dezful and Bandar-e-Lenge vernacular houses to examine how differences in mesoclimates may affect the climatic pattern of buildings. The present study will initially classify the experts’ viewpoints on the architectural patterns in tropical climates and prevailing targets, solutions, and will present features of the architecture in such regions. The solutions are tested on vernacular buildings of Bandar-e-Lenge and Dezful. The findings demonstrate that in the above areas, climatic solutions have been used to moderate high temperature and humidity. The local houses in Bandar-e-Lenge are in accordance with both climatic objectives but the houses in Dezful pertain solutions for only high temperature. Results also confirm that the difference can be observed because of the different sub climatic groups they are placed in
ملخص الجهاز:
Objective solution Physical characteristics of building Regulating the high humidity Use of natural air current, prevailing winds and local breezes Direction Physical characteristics in the height and on the surface Materials Choosing the direction of the building and windows to face good winds Designing vast, narrow and scattered plans Tall windows in the majority of surfaces Using wind catchers that face the coast in the areas in the vicinity of the sea Moving living spaces to the upper levels in order to make use of good winds Omission of basement in the areas near the sea; creating air current underneath the building Using highly porous materials Combination of shadow and ventilation Using latticed walls against wide openings and around the roof Deciding the direction of openings towards the sunshine and privailing winds R e gu la t i n g t h e temperature and mod era ti n g th e severe sunshine C r e a t i n g s h a d o w and minimizing the influence of solar radiation and heat on the interior Direction Physical characteristics in the surface and height Materials Stretching the structure in east-west direction; minimum surface for east and west sides Placing the building in the shadow Using awnings and making the roof into an awning Addition of shadow makers such as porches and belvederes Using wide and roofed porches Conditions of seasonal use of any of the four sides of the structure Great height of rooms Omission of ceiling windows Using materials of low thermal capacity Fig. 5: Plan of the ground floor, Fekri House, Bandar-e-Lenge The plan is adopted from (Source: Iranian Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning, 1993) Fig. 6: Plan of the ground floor, Ghalmbor house, Dezful The plan is dopted from (Source: Iran Cultural Heritage Organization of Khoosestan, 1999) The temperature of inner parts is always lower.