خلاصة:
City growth and environmental difficulties last decades leads the art of urban design and development think more precisely and new approaches for conserving environment and developing urban areas have been evolved.The present study deals with concepts related to ecology in the city and in particular the theory of Ecological Urbanism and its criteria is expressed. Also theory and characteristics of cultural landscape is described. Persian traditional architecture and urban design especially in historic urban fabric has unique criteria, Shushtar ancient urban fabric is investigated in this research and its extraordinary characteristics are compared with theories mentioned above.This paper is based on quantitative and qualitative research methods reviewed recent and reliable articles and documents. Also case study is assessed by reviewing, historical books and different official documents in addition a complete assessment of case study is performed by site survey, socioeconomic survey, physical survey, and demographic analysis. Plenty of data gathered by questionnaires, interviewing officials, authorities and residents. Result came out from comparison theories and case study indicates that Shushtar has both ecological urbanism and cultural landscape values and it could be argue that cultural landscape are special features of the culture, art and relation between human and nature in each society, they were existed long before the eco urbanism criteria formed, yet, it seemed there are some similar criteria to define them that illustrate the inseparable fact and relation between them.
ملخص الجهاز:
Eco-city development and planning Key performance indicators Healthy Ecological Environment Good Natural Environment (air, water, native plants, wetland conservation) Balance of man-made environment (green buildings, noise, carbon emission) Social Harmony and Progress Green trips Domestic water consumption Domestic waste generation Dynamic and Efficient Economy Renewable energy usage Vibrant technology innovation Comprehensive Infrastructures Solid waste recycling and disposal Provision of green space/recreational/sports facilities Service network coverage (Tianjin ecocity indicators, 2012) Cultural Landscape Cultural landscape is a spatial form and the physical settings of the built environment which has been shaped and created by the common believe and activities of a particular society.
The present study deals with concepts related to ecology in the city and in particular the theory of Ecological Urbanism and cultural landscape, their criteria are expressed based on most recent and reliable articles and documents.
A relevant local initiative Measurement Comparison with previous period Policies with respect to energy management, for example promote city heating based on industrial heat Policies with respect to greenhouse gas reductionand their results Policies with respect to energy saving and results Percentage of vehicles using clean LNG Policies with respect to solar energy and their results Policies with respect to wind energy and their results Policies with respect to reselling of electricity andtheir results Policies with respect to and their results, existence of temperature exchange projects Table 2: Criteria for dealing with solid waste issues (Source: Ibid) Criteria 11.
As mentioned in current research shushtar a historical Persian city with its hydraulic system could stand for ecological urban design and also is a cultural landscape.