چکیده:
The impact of fiscal policies on economic activities is one of the most
important issues in both theory and practice. In this paper, we
analyze economic growth and income distribution effects of tax and also
the impact of inequality on economic growth in Iran and some selected
East Asian countries. For this, we use panel data regression in the period
of 1990-2006. The Results denote that the impact of goods and services
tax on inequality and growth is insignificant, but the ratios of tax on
income, profits and capital gains have positive and significant effects on
Gini index and growth. International trade tax has a negative effect on
growth. We also find evidence of a positive impact of income inequality
on growth.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"Interaction of Income Distribution, Taxes and Economic Growth (The Case of Iran and Some Selected East Asian Countries) Majid Sameti 1 Leila Rafie 2 Abstract T he impact of fiscal policies on economic activities is one of the most important issues in both theory and practice.
In this paper, we analyze economic growth and income distribution effects of tax and also the impact of inequality on economic growth in Iran and some selected East Asian countries.
The Results denote that the impact of goods and services tax on inequality and growth is insignificant, but the ratios of tax on income, profits and capital gains have positive and significant effects on Gini index and growth.
A large number of multi country empirical studies have shown however that the Kuznets hypothesis explains only a very limited part of inter country variation in income distribution (Bulir and Galli 1995) and that other policy and structural variables- such as tax and government spending, social transfers, state employment or human capital- improve significantly the explanation of the cross- country differences in income distribution (Milanovic 1994, Tanzi 1998, Chu, Davoodi and Gupta 2000).
Figure 1: Gini index, tax ratio and economic growth in our sample This relative large inequality could be the result of the no inclusion of benefits derived from subsidies on housing, education, health, and other income transfers to the lower income group.
In developing countries, because of inefficient financial markets income distribution policies may be having negative effect on investment and growth."