چکیده:
ﻫﺪف: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﻫـﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳـﻲ ﻧﻘـﺶ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫـﺎی ﺑﻨﻴـﺎدﻳﻦ وAim: The aim of this study was to investigate the role ofessential needs and social support in social adjustment ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ در ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪamong high school students. Method: A correlational اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻠﻴﺔmethod was used and the statistical population was all داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ و ﭘﺴﺮ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ آﻣﻮزش و ﭘـﺮورش ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﺔthe students from Tarom district of Ghazvin province inIran, who were enrolled in the 2008 – 09 academic year. ﻃﺎرم اﺳﺘﺎن ﻗﺰوﻳﻦ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼـﻴﻠﻲ78-6831 ﺑـﻮد. ﮔـﺮوه ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪThe sample included 160 (80 girls, 80 boys) student who -061 داﻧﺶآﻣﻮز ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 08 دﺧﺘﺮ و 08 ﭘﺴﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮة ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪwere selected based on availability. Assessment ﮔﻴﺮی در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫـﺎیinstruments were the Students Needs Survey (Burns, ﺑﻨﻴــﺎدﻳﻦ داﻧــﺶآﻣــﻮزان )ﺑﺮﻧــﺰ، واﻧــﺲ، داﻳــﻦ، ﺳﻴﺪوﻛﺮﺳــﻜﻲ وVance, Diane, Seadokierski & Stockwell, 2006) SocialSupport Appraisals (SS-A) Scale (Vaux, Phillips, Holly, ،اﺳﺘﺎﻛﻮل،6002(، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﻤﺎﻳـﺖ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ )واﻛـﺲ، ﻓﻴﻠﻴـﭙﺲThomson, Williams & Stewart, 1986) and the ﻫﺎﻟﻲ، ﺗﺎﻣﭙﺴﻮن، وﻳﻠﻴﺎﻣﺰ و اﺳﺘﻮرات )6891( و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﺔ ﺳـﺎزﮔﺎریAdjustment Student Questionnaire Sinha and Singh داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان )ﺳﻴﻨﻬﺎ و ﺳـﻴﻨﮓ، 3991( ﺑـﻮد. دادهﻫـﺎ ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از(1993). Data were analyzed using path analysis. ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ، ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢResults: Results show that the direct effect of gender onessential needs and social adjustment was significant but ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﻴﺎدﻳﻦ و ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار اﺳﺖ؛ وﻟﻲ ﺑﺮthere was no direct effect of gender on social support. ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﻴﺴﺖ. اﺛﺮ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﺮ ﺳـﺎزﮔﺎریThe indirect effect of gender on social adjustment and و ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار اﺳﺖ، در ﺣﺎﻟﻲﻛـﻪ اﺛـﺮ ﻛﻠـﻲ ﺟـﻨﺲ ﺑـﺮsocial support was significant but total effect of genderon essential needs was not significant. The direct effect ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﻴﺎدﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﻴﺴﺖ. اﺛﺮ ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺣﻤﺎﻳـﺖ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ ﺑـﺮof social support on social adjustment was significant. ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴـﺮی: از آنﺟـﺎ ﻛـﻪ ﻛـﻪConclusion: The findings of this study show that ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎی ﻳﻨﻴﺎدی و ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲessential needs and social support can influence socialadjustment. This information can be used so that the داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان از اﻳﻦ اﻃﻼﻋـﺎت در راﺳـﺘﺎیimportance of essential needs and social support is ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﻳﺰی ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎی ﻳﻨﻴﺎدی و ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ آنﻫـﺎreiterated in plans and programs so that social ﺴﺖ و ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان را اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ داد و ﻳـﺎ ازﺑﻬﺮه ﺟadjustment is increased and the degree of maladjustment .از ﺷﺪت ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎری ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮی ﻛﺮدis decreased in students.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"Journal of Applied Psychology ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﺔ روانﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدی Vol. 4, No. 1(13), Spring 2010, 82-94 82 -94 ،1389 ﺳﺎل4، ﺷﻤﺎره 1)31(، ﺑﻬﺎر ﻧﻘﺶ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﻴﺎدﻳﻦ و ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ در ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ The role of essential needs and social support in social adjustment among high school students A.
Laura, Graham & Naomi 38 اﺑﻮاﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﺧﻮشﻛﻨﺶ، ﻣﺴﻌﻮد اﺳﺪی، اﺻﻐﺮ ﺷﻴﺮﻋﻠﻲﭘﻮر و ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﺸﺎورز ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت زﻳﺎدی ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﻮوﻳﺘﺎ، اﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﻨﺎ و ﻟﻴﻨـﺎﻧﻦ1 )3002(، واﻳـﺖ و ﻫﺎﺳـﺘﻴﻨﮕﺰ2 )4002(، و ﺳﻴﺴﻴﻼ و ﺑﻠﮕﺮی3 )7002( ﻧﺸﺎن دادهاﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ راﺑﻄﺔ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ و ﺳـﺎزﮔﺎری ﻣﻌﻨـﺎدار اﺳـﺖ.
Burns, Vance, Diane, Seadokierski & Stockwell 78 اﺑﻮاﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﺧﻮشﻛﻨﺶ، ﻣﺴﻌﻮد اﺳﺪی، اﺻﻐﺮ ﺷﻴﺮﻋﻠﻲﭘﻮر و ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﺸﺎورز ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ از آنﺟﺎ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ آﺛﺎر ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﻴﺎدﻳﻦ و ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺑـﺮ ﺳـﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﺳﺖ، از ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ.
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ در داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻳﺠﺎد و ﻳﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ، ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﮔﺮدد و ﺑﺮای داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزاﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ اﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ در ﺳـﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ دﭼﺎر ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﻴـﺎدﻳﻦ و ﺗﻘﻮﻳـﺖ ﺣﻤﺎﻳـﺖ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ، ﺳـﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ آنﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﮔﺮدد.
ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ آن ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺗـﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻏﻴـﺮ ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫـﺎی ﺑﻨﻴـﺎدﻳﻦ ﺑـﺮ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ، ﺿﺮوری ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲرﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﺑـﺮ ﭼﻬـﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮی ﺳﺎزه ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﻴﺎدﻳﻦ و ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ، ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻳـﻦ ﺳـﺎزه در ﺣﻤﺎﻳـﺖ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ، ﺗﺎ از آن ﻃﺮﻳﻖ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺳـﺎزﮔﺎری اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ ﺑﻬﺘـﺮی را ﺗﺠﺮﺑـﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨـﺪ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻳﺸـﺎن را ﺑـﺎ اﻃﻤﻴﻨـﺎن ﺧـﺎﻃﺮ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮی اﻧﺠـﺎم دﻫﻨـﺪ."