چکیده:
ﻳﮑﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻧﻲ )ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ( ﺍﻳﻦ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻭ ﻫﻨﺮﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻓﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻖﺍ ﻳﺪﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻭﺍ ﻧﺪﻳﺸﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺭﻍ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻼﻥ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﮐﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺭﺷﺘﺔ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻲﺍ ﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﻲ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕﺍ ﺻﻠﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﮔﻮﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎﺳﺖ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻧﺪﺍ ﺯ: ١. ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺭﻍ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻼﻥ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟ ٢. ﺭﺍﻩ ﺣﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺣﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﮐﻤﻲ ﻭ ﮐﻴﻔﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻱ/ﺍﺳﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻧﻲ )ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ( ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﮐﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻲ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺷﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﮐﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪﻱ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺗﻲ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﺍﺗﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ، ﺍﺭﺍﺋﺔ ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻱ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪ.
One of the most important basic courses for students of art disciplines is drawing. According to the authors، experiment and knowledge، and also the results obtained from the field research (including interview and questionnaire)،the criticism goes to the education of basic drawing during the education period thatprofessionally and artistically، doesn’t provide the students and graduates of handicrafts discipline in bachelor’s degree with required and sufficient skills to suitably present and realize their ideas and thoughts. The main questions that this research is to answer are: 1. what are the reasons of handicraft students’ weakness in drawing? 2. What are the solutions to improve the status of the education of basic drawing? Hence to study this problem،quantitative and qualitative methods were used along with the documentary/ library research tools and field research tools (interview and questionnaire). Finally، this result was obtained that with regard to the insufficiency of the current program and syllabus، the necessity of providing changes in accordance with the nature of the discipline to improve the status of the education of basic drawing was proved and suggestions like increasing the specialized drawing courses، proposing the drawing courses in accordance with the goals of the discipline، and continuation of drawing courses during the whole education period، were offered based on the research findings.