چکیده:
The fifth century of Hijri, which is one of the most fruitful periods among the literary periods of the Dari Persian language, in which the best prose books of the Dari Persian language were written in this time. It has been said that they represented a special thought and concept that could include the features of the use of al-Tfatat. The purpose of this research is to clarify that in addition to being a syntactic feature, it is also considered one of the rhetorical arts. Rather, it includes any unusual change that focuses on the vertical axis, especially poetry and in addition to order in prose, it is also fully used. Our findings show that among the prose works of the 5th century, the book of Samak Ayar is the most used in this industry, and the book of Kalileh and Demeneh is in the second place. The result of this research is that, taking into account the development of the concepts of al-fatat, in addition to defining and expressing its types, the connection of this literary array, which is more focused on poetic texts. to express with some prose texts.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The aim of this research is to determine that Iltifat, in addition to being a grammatical feature, is also considered one of the rhetorical devices, and contrary to past definitions, it is not limited to the transfer of pronouns from the third person to the first person and vice versa; rather, it includes any unusual change that revolves around the vertical axis, and furthermore, it has full application in prose.
But its moderate limit, on the condition that it does not face prose with context of situation The constraints that necessity calls for and which, in any case, are contrary to eloquence do not appear, which is permissible for the writer as it is for the poet, and no writer is committed to presenting his speech in such a way that all classes, from the mystic to the commoner, understand it equally and no one is deprived or excluded… and to remove it from the scope of the specific concept of literature (Zarinkub, 1375: 16-15) Iltifat (a rhetorical device) is a technique that has existed since ancient times in the literature of various nations of the world, and prominent signs of this device can also be seen in Persian literature before Islam.
The definition that is always given of the Iltifat industry and the examples given for this device are mostly related to poetic texts rather than prose, and this itself has created a situation where the reader thinks that this industry is only related to poetry and has no connection with prose They believe that prose is devoid of this spiritual possession, while the research has revealed to what extent this device was used in the prose texts of the fifth century and what literary importance it added to the works of this period.
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