چکیده:
In the Safavid era, the abundance of religious and cultural structures, including mosques with unique functions, indicates this government's attention to implementing religious policies in managing social behaviors. This type of religious management was one of the factors in consolidating power and increasing its survival. Although such policies were implemented in previous governments, the officialization of Shia Islam in this period created different functions for mosques, which show its distinction from previous eras. The statistics provided for the mosques of this period, especially in the first half, clearly demonstrate that religion had a fundamental role in the social and political life of Iranian society, and the Safavids were able to achieve their religious, political, and social goals by using the potentials and capacities of such places. The research findings show that alongside the Safavids, Shia scholars succeeded in spreading Shia teachings in Iranian society through the worship, educational, and training functions of mosques, and in this area, they took on a part of the management of social behaviors and taught the teachings of Shia jurisprudence to the general public in mosques.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Background of the Research Due to the diversity of mosque functions and its potential and practical capabilities, researchers in various fields have conducted extensive research on it, some of which, such as the research of Riyahi, Honarfar, Sepanta, and Dabirsiaqi, are related to introducing the physical space of mosques with historical approaches, and some, like the research of Ja’farian, are focused on the function of mosques, including holding Friday prayers in them, in order to highlight the jurisprudential thought of Shia political thought in the Safavid era through these studies.
Nevertheless, despite the importance of Safavid-era mosques in promoting Shia Islam and its rituals, including the religious ceremonies of mourning, Friday prayers, and i'tikaf (seclusion in a mosque), significant research focusing on this promotional and propagandistic goal has not been conducted.
1. Hussein ibn Abd al-Samad, father of Sheikh Baha'i, is one of the other Shia scholars from Lebanon who migrated to Iran in the era of Shah Tahmasp, following the religious policies of Mohaqqeq Karaki, and played a significant role in holding Friday prayers in the position of Sheikh al-Islam (see: Jab'i Ameli, 211-213).
In the Shiite society of Iran during the Safavid period, mosques with two functions of worship and education became a place for holding religious rituals such as I'tikaf (seclusion in the mosque), mourning for Imam Hussein (AS) on Ashura, and Friday prayers.
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