چکیده:
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that investing in women's education not only reduces the gender gap but also improves productivity, increases production, and generates higher income. The theoretical framework of this research is based on development theories, especially the human capital theory, with an emphasis on investing in women's education. This research has been conducted using documentary methods. The findings of this research show that increasing education affects the wages of men and women similarly, but greater investment in higher levels of education (due to increasing monetary and opportunity costs) faces diminishing returns. Since the average education level of women in Iran and most countries of the world has been lower than that of men so far, the final return on women's education is higher than that of men. In addition, economists believe that the social return on women's education is also higher. This is because educated women play an important role in improving the health, well-being, and academic progress of their children. On the other hand, educated women participate more in the labor force and, by participating in productive and income-generating activities, pay more taxes to the government, thereby expanding the tax base.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The experience of recent decades in developing countries shows that increased investment in human resources, especially women's education, provides the necessary ground for achieving higher economic growth and greater social welfare.
Since the presence and participation of women, as half of the potential workforce, can play an effective role in the progress of society, eliminating gender differences and gaps in various economic sectors, as well as education and training, leads not only to greater "equality" but also to higher "efficiency".
The experiences of Southeast Asian countries have shown that investing in women's education increases social production and creates opportunities for further growth and development (Cameron[1] et al.
Cameron 1 – Economic Return on Investment in Women’s Education The difference in the number of years of education between women and men, although a general and obvious matter, can be very informative if examined carefully.
Therefore, the most important issue in calculating the economic return on women’s education is to account for only those women who participate in the labor market and receive wages, and in this case, a relationship can be established between the wages received and the productivity of women’s labor and they can be compared with each other (Schultz[2], 1995: 49).
This is because, in most societies, the number of years of education for women is less than for men, and since the return on education is generally higher at lower levels, this difference indicates a greater private return on investment in women's education (King[1] and Hill[2], 1993: 124).
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