چکیده:
Culture and history move in a parallel context. Culture is the subjective aspect of civilization, and civilization is the material and objective aspect of culture. History is the foundation for both concepts. Examining history from the perspective of archeology and genealogy is of interest to researchers in political science to explain the future and reveal the hidden structure governing the relationships of phenomena. The goal of history is to reach the highest degree of humanity, that is, to achieve a state where mankind is in the truest sense of the word human. This article examines the future of history from a religious and philosophical point of view. Great philosophers have each presented philosophical ideas about history and its course of movement. The philosophy of history is a discussion whose roots must be sought at least 25 centuries ago, but the subject of this article is to address the thoughts of several contemporary scientific figures, personalities such as Oswald Spengler, Karl Jaspers, Arnold Toynbee, Pitirim Sorokin, Francis Fukuyama, and Samuel Huntington.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The philosophy of history is a discussion whose roots must be traced back at least twenty-five centuries ago, but the subject of this article is to address the thoughts of several contemporary scientific figures, such as Oswald Spengler, Karl Jaspers, Arnold Toynbee, Pitirim Sorokin, Francis Fukuyama, and Samuel Huntington.
Based on this insight, Spengler predicts the future of humanity and sees contemporary Western civilization sliding down a slope of decline and death, believing that a new civilization from Asia will replace it.
The meaning of history, from Jaspers' point of view, is the journey of man to the land of perfection and achieving the highest human possibility, namely “the unity of mankind.
In response, he says: In the end, the devil will submit to God. In Jaspers' opinion, the unity of mankind and history will be realized through philosophy, especially a philosophy that makes universal communication and understanding possible.
But later he abandoned the idea that Western Christianity was the only true religion, and gradually came to believe that all “great religions” such as Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism are ways of knowing and connecting with God, which is the noble goal of world history.
At the end, Sorokin writes: “The crisis of the history of human society in the present age requires a more comprehensive and deeper knowledge of man and the socio-cultural world around him.
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