چکیده:
Introduction: Children with learning disorder have more inefficient use of gaze strategies in various tasks. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of quiet eye training on muscle activity and targeting-interceptive skill accuracy in children with learning disorder. Methods: In this semi- experimental study with a repeated-measure design, 30 boys aged 7-10 years with learning disorder were divided into quiet eye and control groups . In the pre-test phase, participants performed 10 trails to throw and catch task the ball. Acquisition phase have done in eight weeks and three sessions in per weeks. In per session after the video-gaze exercises, 10 trials were performed to throw and catch task in accordance with the gaze exercises instructions. At the end of the last training session, in the post-test phase, in two weeks of detraining in the retention and transfer phases, the participants performed 10 trials to throw and catch task the ball. At each phase, the selected muscle electrical activity was recorded by electromyography and the throw and catch task performance was recorded by the researcher. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measures with 0.05 significant levels. Results: The results indicated that quiet eye training have a significant effect on increasing the learning of targeting-interceptive skills and on reducing the muscles electrical activity. Conclusion: The results of this study support the pre-programming hypothesis on the importance of planning and choosing the correct answer.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of static eye exercises on muscle activity (biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and brachioradialis muscles) and accuracy of targeting-motor skills in children with learning disabilities.
The results showed that static eye exercises had a significant effect on increasing the learning of targeting-motor skills and reducing the electrical activity of the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and brachioradialis muscles.
In this regard, Rienhoff 5 and colleagues (29) stated in their review article that to clarify the effect of Quiet Eye training at the physiological level, the electrical activity of the muscles performing the skill must be measured.
In the pre-test stage, the participants performed ten throws and catches, during which the participants' gaze behavior was measured simultaneously using the eye tracking device and muscle efficiency using the electromyography device.
Discussion and Conclusion The present study aimed to investigate the effect of stationary eye exercises on muscle activity (biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and coracobrachialis muscles) and the accuracy of aiming-skill in children with learning disabilities.
Other results of the study showed that stationary eye exercises significantly improved the performance of catching in children with learning disabilities.
Wein and Wilson (43) believe that optimal visuomotor control training using stationary eye exercises enables participants to perform better compared to untrained groups.
Generally, the results of the present study showed that stationary eye exercises have a significant effect on increasing the accuracy of throwing and catching skills and improving muscular efficiency in children with learning disabilities.
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