چکیده:
This article discusses how women access credits from the banking system using empowerment theory. This theory is based on five stages of welfare, awareness, access, participation, and control, and it pays attention to gender equality in the development process. The required information was collected from 1029 women over 18 years old in Tehran city using a survey method. This article attempts to answer these questions: To what extent are women connected to the credit system? What is their level of benefit from credits, and at which stage of the empowerment theory are they? The research findings show that not all women have entered the process of accessing credits from the banking system, and their most important connection with banks is for paying water, electricity bills, etc., and savings (interest-free loan). Women's connection with the banking system for savings and deposits (especially interest-free loans) is more than their connection with the aim of benefiting from bank credit resources. Almost half of the women are aware of the segregation of gender roles, and the feeling of discrimination among women who have succeeded in obtaining loans is less than others. The amount of loan requested by women is not at a level that can be used for large-scale investment. In fact, women in the studied community are in the awareness and access stages of the empowerment process.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Keywords Credit, Gender, Access, Women, Banking System, Loan _______________________________ * This article is based on the findings of the project “Women’s Presence in Financial Markets: The Banking System” conducted in 2002 at the Center for Women’s Studies and Research at the University of Tehran (with financial support from the Center for Women’s Participation of the Presidential Office).
In developing countries, to address such a problem for the female community, who, as entrepreneurs, request credit to launch economic activities (small or large), or as a large segment of the poor who need access to financial resources to improve their living standards, various measures have been taken.
The theory of empowerment proposes two categories of strategies for transforming the conditions of women and improving their position in society: · The first category consists of strategies that consider women's practical needs[2], such as access to adequate food, education, housing, and work in the formal sector.
While international communities are increasingly emphasizing the importance of increasing women's access to credit as small urban or rural producers and also paying special attention to women as vulnerable groups, in many developing countries, the capital market is still in its early stages and commercial banks are reluctant to pay credits to women for various economic and cultural reasons (United Nations, _______________________________ gender gap .
Consequently, based on the theoretical framework of empowerment, understanding the level of awareness of those women who have successfully received loans from banks (access to credit) regarding gender roles in the private and public spheres becomes important.
(
, 
, 
)
