چکیده:
In compatibilists believe that we cannot act freely and be morally responsible for an action in a deterministic world, while compatibilists don’t deny the possibility of free action and moral responsibility for the agent, and they believe that we can find some kind of compatibility between moral responsibility and causal determination. This article will analyze Alfred Mele's zygote argument of manipulation, which is an argument in critique of compatibilism between moral responsibility and the deterministic world. Manipulation argument is an argument based on an agent's intuition of a situation in which the agent is under the control of another person or force. It wants to show that an agent in a manipulated situation, despite satisfying the compatibilists conditions, is not morally responsible for her action, and she is like the agent in a deterministic world.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Of course, it should be noted that both Pereboom and Mele, appropriately in their analyses of the argument, mean by the compatibilist condition and the criterion of selection 1 1 Hobbes 2 Hume 3 Ayer 4 Harry Frankfurt 5 Effective Desire 6 Fischer and Ravazza 7 wallace Compatibilists' Challenges in Facing the Manipulation Argument Zygote Alfred Mele/ Khazaee 339 Each of their narratives explains these conditions, but in most cases, these two philosophers select the Frankfurtian criterion from the mentioned conditions for the compatibility between free action and moral responsibility.
The conditions he initially considers for his moral agent, Professor Plum, in his story are described as follows: : 1 1 Unherdable values 2 Best Explanation Argument Compatibilist challenges in facing the zygote inhibition argument Alfred Mele/ Khazaee 341 My argument demonstrates a determined situation in which the agent faces four situations.
The second case is more common than the first, and in it, Pereboom is still seeking to provide a counterexample to the compatibilist conditions: The second case: Plum is like an ordinary individual, except that he is also a creation of neuroscientists; although they cannot control him directly, they have programmed him in such a way that he considers the reasons for performing the act to be weighty, so that he often, though not always, acts according to his self-centered rationality, with the result that in the conditions he now finds himself in, he has been causally determined to realize a reason-responsive process and possess a set of first-order and second-order desires to kill Mrs. White.
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