چکیده:
The collapse of Marxist-Leninist regimes has affected the success of the military and their relationship with civilians. New regimes in the successor states of the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia are trying to establish civilian control over the military as a prerequisite for the success of the democratization process. The question raised is whether new regimes, some of which are still not well established, can prevent military interference in political affairs in an environment that remains influenced by the economic and social conditions of the Soviet Union and Tito's Yugoslavia. This article outlines several identifiable trends and considers the factors influencing the success of new regimes.
خلاصه ماشینی:
(2) The performance and capabilities of newly independent countries succeeding the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia in establishing and consolidating civilian rule over the military in the process of democratizing their political systems have raised various discussions.
In addition, security, defense issues, and the position of the military, considering their past experiences, including new regimes that are sometimes not yet well-consolidated 1, can prevent countries that still have an atmosphere influenced by the political, economic, and social conditions of the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia, which were comparable to those of Third World countries in the 1960s and 1970s.
One of the factors that has made the process of reforming newly independent countries difficult is the lack of a history of statecraft 3 and the weakness of civil society 4, which limits the emergence of political society 5, especially in "scenes and periods when they prepare their policies for political competition 6 in order to gain control over public power 7 and the state apparatus 8.
” (10) It seems that the regimes of the newly independent countries have recognized these realities and are fully aware that if they cannot establish and implement civil society control over the army, the democratization process and even their commitment to building a unified nation 1 will likely fail.
In order to depoliticize and departize the military forces, the newly independent regimes in the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia abolished the monopoly of power of the communist parties and enacted laws according to which the armed forces belonged to the nation and were (1).
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