چکیده:
Dolmens are prehistoric structures covered with several horizontal and vertical flat stones. As we know, the study of folklore is a worthy endeavor in all times and places. This article is also a research related to the functions of the culture known as Dolmen, based on historical and archaeological evidence, and by interpreting and explaining and studying the data, it seeks a link to connect them with anthropological studies. Few works have been written in Iran in connection with dolmens. But we must admit that despite the fact that in some areas there are dolmens dating back ten thousand years ago, such works still have not lost their functional concept among the people of some regions of the world. Great attention is paid to the origin of dolmens due to their distribution in different parts of the world. They may not be related to each other, but it seems they are, and this is exactly what makes research on the functions of such structures necessary.
خلاصه ماشینی:
According to some researchers, because these types of prehistoric structures were found abundantly in the soil of Brittany, they became known as 'Menhir' (stone pillars) and Dolmen in the local language (Mahle & Isaac, 1332: 25).
Considering the facilities available at that time for how to erect these huge stones, new theories have been proposed by some researchers, suggesting that either the people of that era had access to electromagnetic techniques to neutralize gravity, or that extraterrestrial beings were able to create such structures with their immense power thousands of years ago.
In most countries, there are examples of such structures that, in terms of construction method and how they are built, have been built in various styles and classified with names such as 'Menhir', 'Dolmen', 'Trilit' 4 and 'Stonehenge' (circular three stones).
Since collective living in caves was still necessary to overcome natural dangers for the survival of humans, these first stone shelters were built in close proximity to each other in large numbers, covered with stone, and are now known as dolmens in the ancient world.
But at the same time, we said that some researchers refer to dolmens as tombs and graves and consider the huge stone structures as part of the rituals of death, which today's tombstones also mean in this sense.
In fact, archaeological excavations on specific dolmens, including at Tell el-Umeiry 1 , clearly indicate that the people of this time used such stone structures as tombs.
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