چکیده:
In the ethnical conflicts in Rwanda in 1994, hundreds of thousands were massacred. UN Security Council, similar to the Former Yugoslavia genocide case, established an ad hoc tribunal by adopting Resolution No. 955 on 8 November 1994 under Chapter VII of the UN Charter. The main concern of this tribunal has been the prosecution of persons responsible for genocide and other serious violations of international humanitarian law. This paper, in a general view, examines the structure, competences, and the procedure of the Tribunal. Furthermore, specific aspects of the tribunal which are important from viewpoint of international law are examined. They include the legal base of the tribunal, the privileges and immunities of the tribunal, obligations of the states to cooperate with the tribunal, and the criminal justice in regard with witnesses, victims, accused and convicted. The article also, to some extent, will provide a comparative study between this tribunal and the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia
خلاصه ماشینی:
The United Nations Security Council, similar to its action against genocide in the former Yugoslavia, by adopting Resolution 955, dated November 8, 1994, under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, established a special tribunal to prosecute, try, and punish those responsible for mass killings and other serious violations of international humanitarian law.
It also examines specific aspects of the court that are of greater importance from the perspective of international law, such as the legal basis of the court, the privileges and immunities of judges and court staff, the commitment of states to cooperate with the court, and criminal justice, including the protection of witnesses and victims, defendants and convicts of the court.
In addition to the above courts, the Security Council of the United Nations, following the genocide and commission of other heinous and widespread violations of humanitarian law in the Balkans, by adopting resolution 808 dated February 22, 1993, expressed its determination to establish a special court to prosecute the leaders of the former Yugoslav government and other accused individuals.
Court Arrest Statistics (Refer to the page image) Source: Court website Statistics of Judgments Issued by the Court (Refer to the page image) Source: Court website Conclusion The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, like the former Yugoslavia Tribunal, was established based on a Security Council resolution under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter to prosecute individuals who committed genocide and serious violations of international humanitarian law.
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