چکیده:
A new stage of international relations has begun, and theorists of international relations have begun to describe and explain the characteristics of this new period and to identify its main lines. It seems that, among the trends of the contemporary world, is the expansion of the democratic and legal framework of order. This article examines the idealistic roots of this transformation in Kant's thought on international relations. Kant, not based on a judicial procedure, but by referring to reason, derives the principles of right, individual freedom, and legality and places it as the basis of political relations between countries, both domestically and internationally. Ultimately, Kant's goal was to realize the freedom and equality of human beings. Kant applied the aforementioned principles at three levels: national, federational, and cosmopolitan. Then, the author of the article examines the transformation of this theme in the thought of post-Kantian international relations thinkers.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Keywords: Idealism, Neo-Realism, Cosmopolitan Thought, Right, Lasting Peace, Kant and International Relations, Post-Nationalism, Post-Kantianism.
In their opinion, the main characteristic of this new stage is the expansion of the democratic and legal framework of international order, the reduction of the role of states, and the establishment of a multi-power system.
It should be noted that Kant, like many contemporary theorists, did not consider the fate of countries to be determinable only within their national-territorial framework, but rather largely dependent on the way the world order is governed.
On the one hand, realists conclude that the failure to achieve such peace is proof of its illusiveness; while from the perspective of idealists and supporters of cosmopolitan democratic thought, this indicates that there are still significant potential possibilities in Kant’s views and ideas that can form the basis of new theories.
4) The Thought of a World City and Kant Liberal and also realist commentators of Kant in the past have paid more attention to levels 1 and 2 of his theory in the field of international relations; that is, they considered the discussion related to the constitutional government and its complement, the federation of free states, and paid less attention to level 3, namely the right of citizenship.
The first approach still considers the nation-state as the main subject of international relations, but at the same time acknowledges that transnational harms increasingly threaten nations and says that to deal with these issues, one must believe in the idea of a world city in some way.
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