چکیده:
One of the issues that has gained significant prominence in recent years is the major and prominent role of women in Iran. Today, Iranian women play a major role in various political, cultural, social, and economic arenas of the country. Among these, one of the most important factors that has paved the way for such progress for women in society is education and educational opportunities. In the past, Iranian women, due to many problems and limitations, did not have such opportunities and consequently played a very weak role in various societal affairs, which must undoubtedly be attributed to the unfair distribution of educational opportunities between women and men. Perhaps the first extensive and fundamental step towards improving this situation for women can be found in the Qajar period. In this period, many people, especially women, made great efforts to achieve a desirable position and role for women as useful and serving members of society, and since education and literacy are one of the necessary conditions for realizing this point, they focused on the education and training of Iranian women and girls. Among these thoughtful and struggling women who took important steps in establishing women's rights in society was Bibi Khanum Astaraabadi. She played a major role in the fair distribution of educational opportunities between women and men before and after the Constitutional Revolution, which provided broader opportunities for women. Below, we will try to provide a general overview of the background and position of women in Iran with an emphasis on education, and then examine the role and importance of effective factors in this process.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In this era, many people, especially women, made great efforts to achieve a desirable position and role for women as useful and serving members of society, and since education and literacy are one of the necessary conditions for realizing this point, they focused on the education of Iranian women and girls.
The efforts of women who have tried to elevate the role of Iranian women in the scope of contemporary history of this country, especially during the Qajar period, and to provide the ground for their education and training in a modern way.
For example, Taj al-Saltanah, daughter of Nasser al-Din Shah, who was considered one of the thoughtful and educated women of her time, mentioned the main reasons for the backwardness of Iranian women as their illiteracy and asked them to know their rights and not wander in the valley of ignorance and unawareness (Taj al-Saltanah, 1361: 11-12).
Ma'ayeb al-Rijal is very valuable in terms of political and social thoughts, especially if we pay attention to the time and situation in which Bibi Khanum and other Iranian women lived.
Apart from Bibi Khanum Asterabadi, there were other thoughtful women who provided schools for the education of girls.
Derkatianian, Gholamreza, 1384, "The Cultural Movement of Iranian Women and the Establishment of Girls' Schools", in the Collection of Articles of the Conference on the Constitution, compiled by: The Headquarters for Commemorating the Constitutional Revolution, Tabriz: Sotoudeh.
Naji, Azam, 1383, "The Impact of the Constitutional Revolution on Women's Education" in Iranian Constitutionalism (Collection of Articles), edited by Nasser Takmil Homayoun, Tehran: Center for Recognition of Islam and Iran.
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