چکیده:
Although the number of the seals and signets attributed to Sasanian Kings is small compared to the collection of the remaining seals from this period, they are distinguished from the other seals of the period due to their materials, embellishments, used in the structure and inscribed motifs on them. The Sasanian kings to whom a seal or signet is attributed include Ardeshir I, Shapur I, Narseh, Bahram IV, Bahram V, Peroz, Kavad I, Khosrow A, and Khosrow Parviz. The motifs on these seals are the kings’ portraits, the scene of victory over the enemy, and some animals. The base of our knowledge about these seals relies on the items remaining in the museums and sometimes, simply on the descriptions in the written resources. As there is a disagreement between the researchers about the identity of some kings inscribed on the seals and signets, this survey is going to identify the kings and illuminate the amount of Sasanians’ impressibility from their contemporaries and previous arts through studying the seals and signets of Sasanian kings existing in the museums and Islamic texts focusing on their motifs. The studies show that the theme of the Sasanian kings’ seals is influenced by the patterns of ancient Iran and eastern civilizations. Also, the impressibility of Sasanians from western patterns and the neighbors is seen in the external form and following their method; however, in most cases, Sasanians adjusted these patterns to their own standards. Other artistic works of this period and new findings can be used to remove the ambiguities about the kings inscribed on the seals
خلاصه ماشینی:
Seals and Gems of Sasanian Kings; Investigating the Identity of the King and The Motifs Carved on These Works 1 Mirza Mohammad Hosseini Assistant Professor of History Department, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran.
Article Received: 14/04/1400; Article Accepted: 30/09/1400 Scientific-Research Abstract Seals and gems attributed to Sasanian kings, although few in comparison to the total number of seals surviving from this period, are distinguished from other seals of this period in terms of stone material, engraving, decorations used in construction, and the motifs carved on these works.
The motifs carved on the seals and gems of the Sasanian kings include portraits, scenes of victory over the enemy and their capture, and some animals, generally royal.
Given that there are disagreements among researchers regarding the identity of some of the kings depicted on seals and gems, this research examines existing artifacts in museums and reports from Islamic texts in order to resolve existing ambiguities and also to explain the extent to which the Sasanians were influenced by earlier and contemporary arts.
There is also an article by Ali Shahidi entitled “The Seals of Khosrow Anushirvan” and a joint article by Nematollah Alimohammadi and Mohram Bastani entitled “Sasanian Carnelian Seal in the National Museum of Paris,” as well as the article “Gypsum Head with the Crown of Khosrow II” by Yousef Moradi and the article “Stone Carving of Lakh Mazar Birjand” by Labaft Khaniki and Bashash Kanzq are works in These studies are in line with other archaeological evidence, seeking to identify the Sasanian kings depicted on seals and gems.
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