چکیده:
Political legitimacy is a destiny-making, even essential and formative phenomenon. Therefore, the phenomenology of political legitimacy, especially its source, foundation, and criteria or characteristics and signs, has always been a fundamental and still challenging issue. The inquiry into political legitimacy involves continuous inquiries and enduring questions in the phenomenology of political legitimacy in general, and in different schools of thought, nations, and civilizations, which may be different, even opposing, and even conflicting. The inquiry into political legitimacy, as the saying goes, 'A good question is half the answer' – meaning that formulating the right question and correctly defining the problem is half the solution – precedes answering the question about the phenomenon of political legitimacy or the inquiry into political phenomenology. In this regard, we will present the most important inquiries and questions of the phenomenon and political phenomenology and document the most important ones with the help of existing and reliable political works and opinions. This indicates the importance and significance of the main inquiries and questions of political legitimacy in its phenomenological inquiry. An issue and subject that is pervasive in all societies and the world and lies ahead of all civil or political schools and intellectuals.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The inquiry; the search and question of; the relevance and necessity of legitimacy in politics or political legitimacy to aspects including; levels, namely value foundations, cognitive foundations, principles, and objective indicators of political legitimacy, as well as stages (legitimacy-building including legitimacy-creation and legitimacy-bestowal and also legitimacy-acceptability), sources, and scientific theoretical and practical methods (rational, transmitted, and customary) are pursued2.
The phenomenon, concept, and terms of political legitimacy consist of such justification and authorization and process and structure, or the process of legitimacy-building also indicates this flow of justification including; justifying-being justified; politics-accepting politics reciprocal, interactive and even complementary and necessary and indispensable of the government-nation or people on the one hand and policy-making-politics of the ruling body or strategic leadership of the political system and the country on the other hand.
(1)-Rousseau, Jacques; The Social Contract (Principles of Political Law), translated by Zirkzadeh and also Manouchehr Kia. 2-The Legal Inquiry into Political Legitimacy: “The Legality of Political Rule” Given this widespread reality and truth that; everywhere in the world, in all human societies and at all times, there is always an individual or a group of individuals, under the title of ruler or political ruling body and in the form of government, who have sovereignty.
1 Rousseau was the most prominent figure who addressed these questions with a philosophical-legal perspective and presented his book and theory of the Social Contract, with the subtitle Principles of Political Law, in fact, in the field of strategy or approach, namely the theory and system of republicanism and political legitimacy, for this purpose and in response to this inquiry.
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