چکیده:
Professor Behbuti[1] is one of the leading researchers of the present era in the field of Hadith, offering new perspectives in the area of Hadith criticism. He does not settle for superficial and surface-level chain investigations; rather, he evaluates both the chain (isnad) and the text (matn) simultaneously. From his perspective, 'cause' (illah) refers to any hidden or apparent defect or ailment in the Hadiths, which is divided into three categories: causes present in the text, in the chain, and in both the text and the chain. To identify the causes of Hadiths, he attaches importance to any information from within and outside the chain and text—such as biographical evaluation books (rijal), historical books, and other Hadiths—that leads to the discovery of facts regarding narrators, their methods of narration, the atmosphere of the Hadith's issuance, culture, historical realities, etc. Then, through precise analysis of this information and by comparing Hadiths at four different levels while considering the criteria of textual criticism, he succeeds in discovering and correcting many causes of Hadiths.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Keywords: Mohammad Baqir Behboudi, Mu'allal Hadith, Criticism of chain and text, Illal al-Hadith Introduction "Illah" (cause) in lexicography has two meanings: reason (Ibn Manzur, 1414 AH, Vol. 11, p.
For example, Behboudi refers to the sanad of a Hadith in which Salama bin Kuhayl has narrated the Hadith directly from Ali bin Abi Talib (as), whereas in his view, this cannot be the case, because Salama bin Kuhayl was born seven years after the martyrdom of Amir al-Mu'minin and only encountered three of the companions of the Messenger of Allah (Behboudi, 1378 SH, p.
As an example, Behboudi cites a Hadith from the book al-Kafi in which part of its sanad reads: "an al-Nadr bin Shu'ayb al-Muharibi" (Kulayni, 1388 AH, Vol. 7, p.
Professor Behboudi presents several defects among these causes, such as the contradiction of the Hadith content with the Quran, sahih Hadiths, the established principles of the school of Ahl al-Bayt and consensus (ijma), the incompatibility of the Hadith content with the historical realities of the time of issuance, the alignment of the Hadith with the personal interests of the narrator, attributing an event to different individuals and storytelling in the Hadith, mixing the words or fatwa of the narrator with the text of the Hadith, mixing the text of two Hadiths, tashif (misreading) or tahrif (distortion) of the Hadith text, and also the presence of ta'rid (obliqueness) in the Hadith text: 1.
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