چکیده:
In cognitive approaches، many concepts such as time، quantity، states، changes، actions، causes، purposes and moods are examined and conceived in terms of metaphors. In delineating different aspects of Samā΄، Ahmad-e Jām in his Ons al-tālebīn draws on different conceptual metaphors such as SAMĀ΄ IS FOOD AND DRINKS، SAMĀ΄ IS A HUMAN BEING، and SAMĀ΄ IS HEALTH AND DISEASE. To elaborate on Ahmad-e Jām’s views، the present article focuses on such metaphorical representations using the theory of conceptual metaphors which considers metaphors not just as simple aesthetic ornaments but as sophisticated cognitive tools. The present study classifies Samā΄ metaphors into three thematic categories: pleasant، unpleasant and uncertain. The study then proceeds to analyze each category within a cognitive framework and shows how Ahmad-e Jām uses techniques such as “translation” and “change” to convey his ideas.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In the framework of the critical discourse analysis of the Sharia-observer in Ens al-Ta'ibin, this article seeks help from the methods and findings of cognitive linguists for the following reasons in investigating the signifier of Sama: First, that they look at structure and theme simultaneously when examining a text and consider metaphors to be tools of thought.
«Knowledge, worship, prayer, glorification, spiritual exercise, subjugation of the self, and striving, all have fallen into corruption and immorality through Sama!» (ibid: 227) 2-6- Analysis of metaphors The aforementioned metaphors fall into three groups: metaphors that show the bright and lovable face of Sama as a sign of value to highlight its pleasant and positive image: food, honey, medicine, water and sweetness, the eternal call, the head of Truth; metaphors that highlight the unpleasant and negative characteristics of Sama: poison, illness, wine, corruption, capital, bitterness, saltiness, filth, and metaphors such as existence, time, innovation, and worship, which show the two-sided face of Sama.
" Ahmad Jam's mental macro-metaphor: "Mystical experiences are delightful foods" and "Unpleasant experiences are bad and deadly foods," and its micro-metaphors for pleasant Sama and the "positive" sense and "food of the soul" as the source domain for these mappings are: "Pure intuitive perceptions are nectar, medicine, and Zamzam water" and "Unpleasant experiences are poison, bitterness, saltiness, and disease" (Ibid: 231-233).
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